2. A program within NOAA's National Geodetic Survey (NGS) that provides accurate height information by integrating Global Positioning System (GPS) technology with existing survey techniques.

3. NSRS NAVD 88 GEODETIC CONTROL Reliable Cost-effective Accurate StandardizedLegally Established D E F I N I T I O N

4. allow aircraft to land safely in low-visibility conditions alert safety planners to evacuation routes that are slowly sinking and susceptible to flooding provide ships with safer under-keel and overhead clearance to avoid dangerous collisions identify flood-prone areas to guide new construction and reconstruction projects in vulnerable areas allow efficient fertilizer and pesticide use and reduce costs to counter pollution from chemical runoff Accurate heights will:

5. Why Is Height Modernization Needed? Aid in designing and constructing roads and building Aid in the transport of goods people; by auto ship and plane For Flood Insurance Maps (FIRM) modernization Determining High Water marks Replace High cost leveling Decrease survey cost associated with Mapping and GIS activities

6. Local Issues – Forest Fires, Mudslides, Flooding Provide accurate spatial data so safety managers can make evacuation decisions Slope and position information enables efficient use of firefighting tools

7. 1994, California – Meetings to discuss height issues and whether GPS can assist in resolving them 1998 – NGS directed to perform Height Modernization Study 2000 – NGS begins Height Modernization Planning 2001 – Height Mod program begins in NC and CA 2001 – NGS studies in LA and WI Height Modernization Background

8. The Roots of Height Modernization In 1994 - First meeting held in Sacramento, CA Some heights in CA in error by more than a meter GPS could be immediately used to meet some of California’s requirements Necessary for the implementation of NAVD 88 In 1998, $1.0 M was added to NGS budget to perform Height Modernization Study B A C K G R O U N D

9. In 1999, Height Modernization not mentioned In 2000, $500K added to NGS’ budget for Height Modernization planning In 2001, $2.25M added to NGS budget to perform Height Modernization in North Carolina, to support the California Spatial Reference Center (CSRC), and to support NGS related Height Modernization activities Also in 2001, NOAA is directed to work with Louisiana and Wisconsin to assess their requirements for Height Modernization B A C K G R O U N D

10. Height Modernization Appropriations (FY01-FY06) Fiscal YearAppropriationsStates FY 20012.25 MCA, NC FY 20023.75 M CA, NC, LA, WI FY 20033.75 MCA, NC, LA, WI, MS FY 20049.0 M CA, NC, LA, WI, MS, AL, WA, SC FY 20059.6 M CA, NC, LA, WI, MS, AL, WA, TX, KY FY 20069.9 M CA, NC, WI, MS, AL, SC, TX, KY, AZ B A C K G R O U N D

11. NOAA’s NGS, administers the funding to the Congressionally designated recipient through the NOAA grant process. HM has been funded on a state by state basis thus far. Individual states have received funding through Congressional support.

12. How long will the process take? Each state has its unique qualities and needs.   Is there sufficient spacing of CORS?   Is leveling required?   Where within a state is there the most need?   Are there geologic processes Such as subsidence, crustal motion

13. HEIGHT MODERNIZATION STATES

15. Spatial Reference Centers

16. OUTREACH & EDUCATION GPS- Derived, Height WorkshopGPS- Derived, Height Workshop Height Modernization WorkshopHeight Modernization Workshop Height Modernization User ForumsHeight Modernization User Forums

17. www.ngs.noaa.gov/heightmod O U T R E A C H & E D U C A T I O N

18. The Future Continue to investigate opportunities to modify procedures and processes to improve efficiencies. Provide outreach training and support to states interested in Height Modernization. Continue efforts to maintain and grow the program. Research new technology to enhance HMP efforts. C O N C L U S I O N

19. Questions? Zelda LeCoat Cartographer N/NGS1, SSMC3, Room 9452 1315 East-West Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910 301-713-3220, x105 Zelda.lecoat@noaa.gov