1. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid CROSSCUTTING RUNTIME ADAPTATIONS OF LD EXECUTION Telmo Zarraonandia, Juan Manuel Dodero, Camino Fernández tzarraon@inf.uc3m.es Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Departamento de Informática Escuela Politécnica Superior Av. Universidad 30 Leganés, Madrid, España 28911

2. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Objetives Adaptive Method Proposed Adaptive LD Player Structure Application: Contextual Adaptations Conclusions and Future Work Objetives Adaptive Method Proposed Adaptive LD Player Structure Application: Contextual Adaptations Conclusions and Future Work Index

3. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Objetives Define a mechanism for the introduction of small variations on the normal execution of a Learning Design Increase flexibility Increase reusability Adaptation to Context

4. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Level C: notifications Level B: properties and conditions IMS Learning Design Levels and Adaptation It is not possible for the designers to know in advance all the range of adaptations that may be required to apply in the future: The UoL will have to be redesigned Level A: core of IMS Learning Design

5. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Situations... Reuse an existing UoL In a different context Using different resources.... Requirement to modify the process “on the fly” The learning process is not performing as we expected... Introduce small variations in the UoL withouth having to go through the redefinition process

6. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Index Objetives Adaptive Method Proposed Adaptive LD Player Structure Application: Contextual Adaptations Conclusions and Future Work

7. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Adaptation: General Process

8. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Roles: Learners: Student Role Staff: Environments: Activities: Learner ActivitiesResource Activity 1 <=What_Is_Internet.pdf Activity 2 <= Web_Browsers Activity 3 <= Search_Engines Activity 4 <= Test Activity 5 <= Mail_Programs Activity 6 <= Messenger_Programs Support Activities Activity Structure Internet Lessons (Structure = Sequence) 1. Activity 1 2. Activity 2 3. Activity 3 4. Activity 4 5. Activity 5 Method.............. Adaptation: Example.... Environments: Activities: Learner ActivitiesResource Activity 1<=What_Is_Internet.pdf Activity 2 <= Web_Browsers Activity 3 <= Search_Engines Activity 4 <= Test Activity 5 <= Mail_Programs Activity 6 <= Messenger_Programs

9. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Adaptation: when?

10. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Objetives Adaptive Method Proposed Adaptive LD Player Structure Application: Contextual Adaptations Conclusions and Future Work Objetives Adaptive Method Proposed Adaptive LD Player Structure Application: Contextual Adaptations Conclusions and Future Work Index

11. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid LD Player Implementation: How? VISITOR PATTERN [Gamma et al.]: “To perform the same operation on the elements of an object structure and be able to define new operations without changing the classes of the elements of the structure” To perform a context adaptation operation on the activities of a Learning Design We don’t want to change the structures of the elements each time a new adaptation is required

12. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid LD Player Implementation: Visitor Pattern

13. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid LD Player Implementation: Visitor Pattern + Aspects We need an “accept” operation on the “Activity” elements Aspect Oriented Programming approach: ASPECT : The Context Adaptation Operation POINTCUT : Condition of aplication of the operation ASPECT and POINTCUTS defined separately from the rest of the components

14. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Adaptations Description Three type of files may be required: Adaptation command file Adaptation manifest Resource files Some commands: Add / Remove an activity Add / Remove an environment Change the resource of an activity / environment Set the complete-activity / on-completion definition....

15. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Objetives Adaptive Method Proposed Adaptive LD Player Structure Application: Contextual Adaptations Conclusions and Future Work Objetives Adaptive Method Proposed Adaptive LD Player Structure Application: Contextual Adaptations Conclusions and Future Work Index

16. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Application: Contextual Adaptation

17. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Concept of “Context” “Any information that can be used to characterize the situation of entities that are considered relevant to the interaction between a user and an application” [DEY] Computational Environment Agenda Age Background Preferences Learner InformationNOISE!!! Physical Environment Any relevant information that could influence the execution of a Unit of Learning

18. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Application: Process 1.Obtain information about the current context of execution (Ambient Intelligence Engine) 2.Identify the context (Context Detector) 3.Introduce the appropiate variations on the normal execution of the Learning Desing process (Learning Design Player)

19. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid LD Context LD Context: combination of context elements that could influence the learning process Context Situation Definition Table Noise Level Time Constraint Internet Connection Web Camera Context Situation LowYes Classroom LowNoYes Home1 LowNoYesNoHome2 LowNo -Home3 HighYesNo-Transport

20. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Roles: Learners: Student Role Staff: Environments: Activities: Learner ActivitiesResource Activity 1 <=What_Is_Internet.pdf Activity 2 <= Web_Browsers Activity 3 <= Search_Engines Activity 4 <= Mail_Programs Activity 5 <= Messenger_Programs Support Activities Activity Structure Internet Lessons (Structure = Sequence) 1. Activity 1 2. Activity 2 3. Activity 3 4. Activity 4 5. Activity 5 Method.............. Application : Example.... Environments: Activities: Learner ActivitiesResource Activity 1<=What_Is_Internet.pdf Activity 2 <= Web_Browsers Activity 3 <= Search_Engines Activity 4 <= Mail_Programs Activity 5 <= Messenger_Programs Support Activities Internet_Basics.html<=Home1 <= Company SearchEnginesTheory.pdf<=Transport Mail_Programs_Theory.pdf <=Transport

21. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Objetives Adaptive Method Proposed Adaptive LD Player Structure Application: Contextual Adaptations Conclusions and Future Work Objetives Adaptive Method Proposed Adaptive LD Player Structure Application: Contextual Adaptations Conclusions and Future Work Index

22. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Conclusions And Future Work Finish the Adaptive Learning Player implementation as an extension of the CopperCore engine Final set of commands Mechanism for conflicts prevention Other operations : Retrieve information about the process progress Time spent to complete an activity Resources visited... (Re)Construction of the Learning Design

23. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Thanks for you attention!!

24. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid

25. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid

26. Telmo Zarraonandia Laboratorio DEI. Dpto. de Informática U. Carlos III de Madrid Notas: Revisar apuntes IMS Content Packaging Nivel C Revisar también las otras opciones para conseguir la adaptación