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© 2006 SOUTH-WESTERN EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING 11th Edition Hulbert & Miller Effective English for Colleges Chapter 13 EFFECTIVE PARAGRAPHS.

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Presentation on theme: "© 2006 SOUTH-WESTERN EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING 11th Edition Hulbert & Miller Effective English for Colleges Chapter 13 EFFECTIVE PARAGRAPHS."— Presentation transcript:

1 © 2006 SOUTH-WESTERN EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING 11th Edition Hulbert & Miller Effective English for Colleges Chapter 13 EFFECTIVE PARAGRAPHS

2 Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 13, Slide 2 Learning Objectives 22 33 To organize relevant effective sentences into paragraphs To edit and revise to achieve effective paragraphs 11 To identify topic sentences and supporting sentences

3 Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 13, Slide 3 ParagraphUnityParagraphUnity Paragraph Development Paragraph Development ParagraphCoherenceParagraphCoherence

4 Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 13, Slide 4 Paragraph Unity  Determine the purpose of your message.  Group relevant ideas that are similar.  Develop a topic sentence.  Choose placement of topic sentence at the beginning or ending of a paragraph. Refer to CHECKPOINTS 1 and 2.

5 Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 13, Slide 5 Paragraph Coherence  Combine sentence elements.  Join independent clauses.  Join sentence elements.  Subordinate one clause to another.  Incorporate pointing expressions.  Use a personal pronoun that refers to an antecedent.  Repeat keywords or ideas.  Substitute a keyword with a synonym. Refer to CHECKPOINTS 3 through 5.

6 Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 13, Slide 6 Paragraph Coherence (continued)  Organize sentences in understandable patterns.  Use a common organizational pattern (such as time or logic).  Keep paragraphs six to eight lines long to maintain reader attention. Refer to CHECKPOINT 6. Refer to APPLICATIONS 13-1 through 13-3.

7 Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 13, Slide 7 1.Determine the message objective. 2.Visualize your receiver. 3.List information that supports the message objective. 4.Group related ideas. 5.Review, add, and organize ideas. 6.Compose a draft. 7.Edit and revise the draft. 8.Prepare the final message. Writing and Revising Paragraphs

8 Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 13, Slide 8  Evaluate the effectiveness of your paragraphs using the six “ Qualities of Effective Messages ” : Writing and Revising Paragraphs (continued) ClarityClarity ConcisenessConciseness Choose familiar (usually short) words. Organize thoughts in an orderly pattern. Write efficiently; use concise words. CourtesyCourtesy Use tactful words.

9 Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 13, Slide 9 CorrectnessCorrectness CompletenessCompleteness Confirm content, grammar, spelling, and punctuation accuracy. Include the information necessary to accomplish the message objective. ConcretenessConcreteness Use words or phrases that have definite meanings. Qualities of Effective Messages (continued)

10 Effective English for Colleges, 11e, by Hulbert & Miller Chapter 13, Slide 10  Edit your draft using “ Proofreader Marks. ”  Edit and revise as often as necessary to achieve unity and coherence.  Proofread to ensure that your final message is clear, concise, correct, concrete, complete, and courteous. Refer to CHECKPOINT 7. Refer to APPLICATION 13-4. Refer to CHAPTER 13 REVIEW. Refer to APPLY YOUR KNOWLEDGE. Editing and Revising the Draft


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