3. Credits  Student 1 : Program Manager  Student 2: Instructional Designer  Student 3: Program Author  Student 4: Graphics Specialist

4. What Is a Raw Material?  “A material or substance used in the primary production or manufacturing of a good. Raw materials are often natural resources such as crude oil, iron and wood.” www.investopedia.org

5. What Is Crude Oil?  “Crude oil is a smelly, yellow- to-black liquid and is usually found in underground areas called reservoirs.”  It is also called petroleum. www.eia.gov/kids

6. Where is Crude Oil From?  The graph at the left shows that the top oil producing countries are Saudi Arabia, Russia, United States, China and Iran.  Saudi Arabia was the top producer in 2010. www.eia.gov/kids

7. How Is It Processed?  “After crude oil is removed from the ground, it is sent to a refinery by pipeline, ship, or barge. At a refinery, different parts of the crude oil are separated into useable petroleum products.” www.eia.gov/kids  Saudi Arabian Oil Refinery at Dusk

8. Refining Process  Distilling: “Oil is heated in large, tall towers... making it separate into layers.” Heavier elements sink to bottom and lighter elements float to the top. “As the elements separate they are sent through pipes to different areas for further processing.”  Converting: Lighter weight products from heating are turned directly into gasoline, jet and diesel fuels. Medium and heavy weight gas oils are “cracked” with hydrogen under high pressure and heat. This process then turns these oils into gasoline and jet fuels.  Treating: In this process, impurities are removed that cause air pollution. www.eia.gov/kids www.eia.gov/kids

9. Products from Crude Oil Plastics—CDs, eyeglasses Artificial Limbs& Heart Valves Paint, Ink, Shoe Polish TiresNylonsRoof Shingles Novelty Candy/Bubble Gum CosmeticsCandles VaselineCrayonsBug Killer Asphalt and AmmoniaWax PaperPaper Cups http://www.earthsciweek.org/forteachers/2007/productspetroleum_cont.html

10. Products of Crude Oil  Our team’s final products are all made from crude oil.  Crude oil and its petroleum products.

11. Crude Oil Makes Plastic  Our team drew bubble gum, eyeglasses, paints and tires from the hat. All of these petroleum products are made from crude oil.  Press on a link below to learn about these plastic products. Bubble GumPaintsTiresEyeglasses

12. Definition Renewable Resources Non-renewable Resources  “ Renewable resources are natural resource that can be used to benefit people and can then be replaced for other people to enjoy.” www.pencils.com www.pencils.com  “ A renewable resource is a natural resource that is not depleted when used by human beings.” www.kids.net.au  “ A non-renewable resource is a natural resource that is in limited supply and cannot be replaced once it has been extracted and used.” www.pencils.com  “Energy sources are considered non-renewable if they cannot be replenished (made again) in a short period of time.” www.kids.net.auwww.kids.net.au

13. Classify Resources Renewable ResourcesNonrenewable Resources  Trees  Cotton  Natural Rubber  Natural Fibers  Bio-based plastics  Ethanol  Crude Oil  Aluminum  Iron Ore  Silicone  Coal  Natural Gas

14. Environmental Consequences  “Even though petroleum products make life easier — finding, producing, moving, and using them can harm the environment through air and water pollution.” www.eia.gov/kids/energy  Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of processing crude oil. It is the main pollutant that is causing the Earth to warm up. www.http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/envi ronment/global-warming/pollution-overview/

15. Environmental Solutions  “If plans to remove carbon dioxide from smokestacks succeed, the gas could be harnessed and turned into plastic products, new research claims.” http://www.livescience.com/9583-air-pollution-eyed- raw-material-plastics.html http://www.livescience.com/9583-air-pollution-eyed-raw-material- plastics.html