1. TSB 1 ITU Standardization and its new Environment Lisbon, Portugal, 25 th June 2002 by Houlin ZHAO Director Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB) International Telecommunication Union, Geneva Place des Nations - CH-1211 Geneva 20 – Switzerland Tel: +41 22 730 5851Fax: +41 22 730 5853 E-mail: tsbdir@itu.inttsbdir@itu.int ITU Home page address: http://www.itu.inthttp://www.itu.int

2. TSB 2 1837Invention of the first electric telegraph 1844Samuel Morse sent his first public message over a telegraph Iine between Washington and Baltimore 1865Foundation of the International Telegraph Union by twenty States 17 Maywith the adoption of the first Convention. First Telegraph Regulations. 1876Alexander Graham Bell patents his invention of the telephone 1924Paris - Creation of CCIF (International Telephone Consultative Committee) 1925Paris - Creation of CCIT (International Telegraph Consultative Committee) 1927Washington - Creation of the CCIR (Intl. Radio Consultative Committee) 1932Madrid - Plenipotentiary Conference. Telegraph Union changes name to International Telecommunication Union 1947ITU becomes a Specialized Agency of the United Nations 1956Geneva - CCIF and CCIT merged into CCITT (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee) 1992Geneva - Plenipotentiary Conference. Creation of 3 Sectors: ITU-T replaces CCITT, ITU-R replaces IFRB, CCIR, and ITU-D replaces TCD ITU Landmarks

3. TSB 3 Structure of the ITU

4. TSB 4 mainly financed by Governments work dominated by industry procedures very efficient, no longer slow seek effective cooperation with SDOs to share the work should be open to emerging technologies should be open to researchers / students try to keep its pre-eminent status Situation of ITU Standardization

5. TSB 5 CCITT and ITU-T CCITT (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee): 19561st Plenary Assembly 19602nd Plenary AssemblyRed Books 19643rd Plenary AssemblyBlue Books 19684th Plenary AssemblyWhite Books 19725th Plenary AssemblyGreen Books 19766th Plenary AssemblyOrange Books 19807th Plenary AssemblyYellow Books 19848th Plenary AssemblyRed Books 19889th Plenary AssemblyBlue Books ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union - Telecom. Standardization Sector): 1993 1st World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-93), Helsinki 1996 2nd World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-96), Geneva 2000 3rd World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA-2000), Montreal

6. TSB 6 Functions of ITU-T "The functions of the Telecommunication Standardization Sector shall be, bearing in mind the particular concerns of the developing countries, to fulfill the purposes of the Union relating to telecommunication standardization, as stated in Article 1 of this Constitution, by studying technical, operating and tariff Questions and adopting Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis"

7. TSB 7 Organizational Structure of ITU-T - Workshop / forum - Focus Group - Joint Group - Project team

8. TSB 8 ITU-T Study Groups and TSAG Study Group 2:Operational aspects of service provision, networks and performance Study Group 3:Tariff and accounting principles including related telecommunications economic and policy issues Study Group 4:Telecommunication management, including TMN Study Group 5:Protection against electromagnetic environment effects Study Group 6:Outside plant Study Group 9:Integrated broadband cable networks and television and sound transmission Study Group 11:Signalling requirements and protocols

9. TSB 9 ITU-T Study Groups and TSAG Study Group 12:End-to-end transmission performance of networks and terminals Study Group 13:Multi-protocol and IP-based networks and their internetworking Study Group 15:Optical and other transport networks Study Group 16:Multimedia services, systems and terminals Study Group 17:Data networks and telecommunication software SSG:IMT-2000 and Beyond TSAG:Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (Priorities: IP, Mobility, next generation, security, …)

10. TSB 10 Approval of new and revised Recommendations - Sequence of events (TAP)

11. TSB 11 Approved Directors Notification SG or WP Meeting Edited Text for LC Directors Announcement and Posting for LC (a) (b) (c) Comment Resolution Edited Text Available Directors Announcement and Posting SG Meeting (a) (b) Directors Announcement and Posting for AR (b) 3 weeks 4 weeks LC 3 weeks AR LC: Last Call AR: Additional Review AAP Sequence of Events (extract from Rec. A.8)

12. TSB 12 Questions (projects) Contributions driven (normal contributions, delayed contributions, temporary documents) face-to-face meeting: - debate, determination, approval of reports, approval of Questions - SG/WP meetings: decision making; Rapporteur meetings: develop texts Decision = consensus, unanimous agreements Recommendations (Amendments, Corrigenda, supplements) draft Recommendations, determined draft Recommendations approved Recommendations, pre-published Recommendations, published Recommendations Implementors Guides Meeting reports Electronic submissions, web consultations, email, ftp Paperless meeting – LAN/Wireless – LAN connections in meeting rooms Working methods

13. TSB 13 ITU-T Recommendations Series (1) Series AOrganization of the work of the ITU-T Series BMeans of expression: definitions, symbols, classification Series CGeneral telecommunication statistics Series DGeneral tariff principles Series EOverall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors Series FNon-telephone telecommunication services Series GTransmission systems and media, digital systems and networks Series HAudiovisual and multimedia systems Series IIntegrated services digital network

14. TSB 14 Series JTransmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals Series KProtection against interference Series LConstruction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant Series MTMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits Series NMaintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits Series OSpecifications of measuring equipment Series PTelephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks ITU-T Recommendations Series (2)

15. TSB 15 ITU-T Recommendations Series (3) Series QSwitching and signalling Series RTelegraph transmission Series STelegraph services terminal equipment Series TTerminals for telematic services Series UTelegraph switching Series VData communication over the telephone network Series XData networks and open system communication Series YGlobal information infrastructure and internet protocol aspects Series ZLanguages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems

16. TSB 16 Best Sellers of ITU-T Recommendations 2001 - Best selling texts (in the order of sales number from 09/01): H.323 G.707/Y.1322G.783G.703G.991.2 G.709H.248 H.225.0G.729Q.763Q.931G.704 G.703 G.807/Y.1302Q.763Q.931H.248 Annex K G.871/Y.1301 P.862G.711 Some well-known ITU-T Recommendations: E.164E.190E.212 G.652G.655G.692G.703G.704G.711G.720 G.723 Annex A+diskG.723.1 G.729+Annex A+diskG.780-series (SDH)G.826 G.957G.982G.990-series (xDSL) H.225.0H.245H.248H.263H.323 H.324 H.450 I.365I.432I.731J.112J.117 M.3010M.3100M.3400 Q.931Q.1700-series (IMT-2000) T.30T.37T.38 V.34V.44 V.59V.90V.92 X.25X.36X.509 X.680-series (ASN.1)X.690 X.840-series Y.1310Y.1540

17. TSB 17 Approval and publication time of Recommendations

18. TSB 18 ITU-T's main work areas Three major items: -IP-related issues -IMT-2000 -Accounting rates Other items: -Multi-media, access networks (xDSL), optical transmission, security, numbering and addressing, inter-operabilities, IPR, etc.

19. TSB 19 ITU-Ts work on voice coding 7 kHz band- wideband (G.722-series) 4 kHz band- analogue 64 kbit/s- PCM, G.711, 1972 32 kbit/s- ADPCM, G.721, 1984 16 kbit/s- G.728, 1992 8 kbit/s- G.729, 1996 4 kbit/s- G.4kbps

20. TSB 20 ITU-Ts work on still picture coding Classic facsimile (G3, G4)T.4, T.6 B/W still pictures (JBIG)T.82, T.83 Cont. tone colour (JPEG)T.81 (lossless)(JPEG-LS)T.86 (JPEG-2000)T.800

21. TSB 21 ITU-Ts work on moving picture coding H.261- video coding at n x 64 kbit/s H.262- generic video and audio coding H.263- video coding for low bit rates H.26L- in progress (vs. MPEG-4) - improved multimedia video coding

22. TSB 22 Year 9.6 kbit/s 28.8 kbit/s 56.6 kbit/s 128 kbit/s 2 Mbit/s 640 kbit/s 8 Mbit/s 25 Mbit/s 50 Mbit/s 198919972000 Analog modems ISDN HDSL/ ADSL VDSL OPTICAL ACCESS 622 Mbit/s Access network

23. TSB 23 ITU-Ts work on Optical networking Fully optical networks Increased bit rates (up to 40 Gbit/s) Use of multi-wavelength techniques DWDM Use of optical amplifiers Interoperability and interconnection Submarine optically amplified DWDM Access networks for new high speed services

24. TSB 24 ITU-Ts products for IP-networks E.164 … G.707 (SDH), G.709 (OTN), G.722 (7 kHz), G.728 (16 kbit/s), G.729 (8 kbit/s), G.99x (xDSL) … H.248 (gateway), H.323 (multimedia systems) … I.365 (FR), I.432 (B-ISDN), I.732 (ATM) … J.112 (Cable TV), J.16x + J.17x (IPCablecom) … M.3120 (CORBA for TMN) … Q.933 (DSS1), Q.1300 (TASC), Q.1930 (BICC), Q.27xx (B-ISDN), Q.29xx (DSS2) … T.37, T.38 (IPfax), T.12x (multimedia conference) … V.29 (9.6 K modem), V.34 (34 kbit/s), V.90/V.92 (56 kbit/s) … X.25, X.75, X.76 (FR), X.85 (IP over SDH), X.86 (Ethernet over LAPS), X.121, X.4xx (MHS), X.5xx (Directory), particularly X.509, X.68x/X.69x (ASN.1), X.8xx (security), X.9xx (ODP) … Y-series: dedicated to IP and GII Z.100 (SDL), Z.14x (TTCN), Z.3xx (MM languages) … …

25. TSB 25 Specified IMT-2000 systems and its spectrums Interworking functions to be used with existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems Convergence of fixed and existing IMT-2000 systems New Generation of mobile systems ITU-Ts mobile communications

26. TSB 26 Quality of Service (QoS) Numbering and routing Security Tariffs and Accounting rates Interworking Ensuring global interoperability

27. TSB 27 01/200012/2001difference Administrations189 - ROAs161179+ 18 SIOs189234+ 45 Associates- 30+ 30 Others 40 39- 1 (Others: such as ISO, IEC, ISOC/IETF, INTELSAT, INMARSAT, EUTELSAT, ETSI, CEPT…) ITU-T Members

28. TSB 28 Administrations (96/2208) ROAs ( 87/1783) SIOs ( 167/1875) U.S.A. 342NTT 188Lucent166+58 + China 232FT 184Ericsson147+5+ Germany 187BT 148Siemens136+17+ France 106DT 134Nortel 91+51+ Russia 99ATT 77Alcatel 35+23+40+18+ U.K. 95KDDI 69CSELT 69 Canada 63Telecom Italia 65NEC 47 Japan 63Swisscom 65Nokia 46 India 62KT 59Fujitsu 42 Ukraine 58Telenor 58Telecordia 36 Italy 56Royal KPN 58Motorola 27+8 Syria 53Telia 46OKI 32 Korea 50Telekom Austria 37ETRI 32 Total: 1466 (66%)Total: 1188 (67%)Total: 1126 (60%) Top Members participation (07/98-08/00) (Note – Cisco: 13)

29. TSB 29 -ITU-T work is shared by Governments and Industry Members (service providers and telecom equipment vendors) - Individual Industry Memberships in ITU Sectors - 13 out of 14 Study Group Chairmen (including TSAG) appointed are from Sector Members -Classic telecom members (to attract new IT Members) -Directors Informal Consultation meeting (with Industries) known as Martigny meetings, twice: Feb. 2000 and Feb. 2001 -Key point of ITU Reform: Industry Members rights and duties (partnership) Industry Members role

30. TSB 30 Budget SDO Membership fees Note Annual fee (US$) (25,000,000 $) 40,000,000 SFr ITU-T Minimum mandatory Other optional ½ unit (31,500 SFr)20,000 20,275,000 $ (21,909,000 Euros) ETSI Mandatory according to turnover 45 units (5,000 Euros/unit)211,050 IETF Depending on participation 350 $/500 $ per meeting per person, 3 meetings per year 1050/1500 x ? 1,200,000 $ ECMAMandatory $ 42,000 / $ 18, 000 / $ 10,000 standards free 42,000 (18,300,000 $) 29,305,000 SFr ISO Through national members Shared by national members (five big members pay 9% of the budget) (individual company up to 50,000) (11,900,000 $) 19,000,000 SFr IEC (4,456,200 Euros) 4,000,000 $ 3GPPShared by 6 SDOs Average 500,000/SDO 1,840,000 $ 3GPP2Shared by 5 SDOs Average 360,000/SDO W3CMandatory50,000 $ / 5,000 $, standards free50,000 IEEEMandatory5,000 2,870,000 $ ATMMandatory + meeting fees$ 14,000/5,000/3,500/1,500, $ 250/275 per meeting 4 meetings/year, standards free 14,000+1,000/1,100 x? Companys dues to SDOs (ITU-T Associates = US $ 6,000) (Some SDOs receive secretariat support from their members; such expenditures are not counted in the budget.)

31. TSB 31 Intergovernment ITU (ITU-T and ITU-R) NGOs ISO, IEC ….. Forums / Consortia / SDOs 1394TA3G.IP3GPP3GPP2AIMAMF AMI-CAOEMAAOWARIBATM ForumBINTERMS BluetoothCable ModemsCBOPCDGCIFCII CommerceNetCommerceNet J Committee T1COSCPR CTFJ DHFDISADOPGDSL ForumECEECHONET ECMAECOMECTFEDIFICEEDSEEMA EIDXEMAEMFERTICOETSIEWOS FCIAFCIA-JFIPAFRFFS-VDSLFSAN GSM Assoc.HNFHome APIHomePNAHRFWGIDB Forum IEEEIETFIFIPIFSAIMTCIMWA IPv6IrDAITS AmericaITS UKJAVAJCTEA JECALSJEDICJEMAJICSAPJIMMJMF LONMARKMCPCMDG.orgMITFMMCFMobile Web MOPAMPLS ForumMSFMWIFOASISODVA OIFOMGOSGiPCCAPCISIGPCMCIA PHS MoUPICMGPKIPOFSalutationSCF SCTESDL ForumSDRSSIPGSTATIA TINA-CTM ForumTOGTSCTTATTC UMTSUSBIFUWCCW3CWAPWDF Web 3DWfMCWIN ForumWLIFXTP Forum ITU positioning ………

32. TSB 32 ISO, IEC, ISO/IEC JTC 1 cooperation since the 1970s; common texts since 1992 WTSA-2000 Resolution 7, Recommendation A.23 Joint President Cooperation Group (JPCG) World Standards Cooperation (WSC) IETF ITU-T Member since 1995 MoU PSO, July 1999; provide secretarial support to PSO, since 08/01 Joint management team meetings in 11/99 and 08/01 ETSI ITU-T Member since early 1990s MoU cooperation in June 2000 ISO, IEC, UN/ECE MoU on e-business in March 2000 GSC (Global Standards Collaboration): Since March 1994 TTA, TTC, ARIB, ETSI, T1, TIA, TSACC, ACIF, ITU ITU-T coordination with SDOs

33. TSB 33 Cooperation between ISOC/IETF and ITU/ITU-T ISOC membership in ITU ITU Council-95 accepted ISOC as a Sector Member with provisional exemption of membership fee on a temporary basis ITU Council-96 extended ISOC as a Sector Member with provisional exemption until the PP-98 ITU Council-99 granted exemption to ISOC as a Sector Member on a permanent basis

34. TSB 34 ITU Resolutions and ITU-T Recommendation conc. Internet ITU Resolution 101 (Minneapolis, 1998): Internet Protocol (IP)-based networks ITU Resolution 102 (Minneapolis, 1998): Management of Internet domain names and addresses ITU-T Recommendation A.5 (01/98): Generic procedures for including references to documents of other organizations in ITU-T Recommendations Annex A: Information specific to ISOC/IETF documents ITU Council-99 endorsed two actions (C99/51): 1. Participation by ITU-T in ICANN PSO 2. ITU Management of the.INT top level domain

35. TSB 35 Cooperation with IETF/IAB Good cooperation between ITU-T and IETF started in 1997, good results for T.37, T.38, H.248, etc. ITU-T becomes one of the founding members for PSO - MoU signed in Oslo, 14 July 1999 - take over the secretariat support for PSO since August 2001 My presentation at the IETF-45 Plenary warmly welcomed Joint meeting of ITU-T SG Chairs and IETF Area Directors: 1 st meeting: Washington, D.C., 7 November '99 (30 participants) 2 nd meeting: London, 5 August 2001 (30 participants) Joint meeting with IAB, London, 5 August (20 participants)

36. TSB 36 Cooperation with IETF ITU-T already defined processes for working with other organizations, and TSAG enhanced these to include working with IETF Guidelines were prepared for the SGs, including issues such as: - how to interact on ITU-T and IETF work items, including: * how ITU-T learns about existing and proposed new IETF work items * how IETF learns about ITU-T work items Representation, including: - IETF recognition at ITU-T meetings and vice-versa - communication contacts - mailing lists Document sharing, including: - drafting - the passing of documents between the Organizations - cross referencing

37. TSB 37 IETF protocol defined in RFC 2916 E.164 number can be used to look up a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) - Web addresses most commonly known URIs Allows using E.164 number in context of combined PSTN & IP services (email, fax, SIP address, coordinates, other?) For example: +44 1206 762335 5.3.3.2.6.7.6.0.2.1.4.4.e164.TLD What is ENUM?

38. TSB 38 Define and implement administrative procedures that coordinate delegations of E.164 numbering resources into the agreed DNS name servers Director of TSB, on behalf of Administrations, to control the implementation of ENUM under e164.arpa on a trial basis, while the registering is done by RIPE NCC ITU-T Responsibilities regarding ENUM

39. TSB 39 ICANN Board of Directors, 3 from PSO (Mr. Vinton G. Cerf, Mr. Davidson (BT), Mr. Schink (Siemens) (ITU proposed candidate)) ICANN Independent Review Panel (IRP) Nominating Committee 6 members: Mr. H. Zhao3 yearsPSO (Director of TSB/ITU) Mr. T. Lee2 yearsPSO Ms. C. Liu3 yearsASO Mr. J. K. Park2 yearsASO Mr. S. Hemphill3 yearsDNSO Mr. O. Iteann2 yearsDNSO GAC: Mr. R. Shaw and Mr. R. Hill ITUs involvement in ICANN

40. TSB 40 President of ICANN call for reform in February 2002 TSB Director conducted informal consultation with ITU Members in March/April TSB Director presents a paper to ICANN on its reform, offering to assist ICANN in certain areas ITU Council-2002 unanimously supported TSB Directors initiative Many contacts between ITU-T and the outside partners concerned Hope for a successful ICANN reform ICANN Reform

41. TSB 41 ITU-T Rec. A. 4: communication with forums and consortia ITU-T Rec. A. 5: referencing documents of other organizations in ITU-T Recommendations ITU-T Rec. A. 6: cooperation and exchange of information with SDOs Invitation to the Informal Forum Summit by the Director of TSB (December 3-4, 2001) ITU-T Cooperation with forums / consortia / SDOs

42. TSB 42 A.4A.5 A.6 ASN.1 ConsortiumARIB (Association of Radio Industries and Businesses)ARIB ATM Forum Committee T1 DSL ForumCommittee T1CWTS ETIS (e-and telecommunication info. services) CWTS (China Wireless Telecommunication Standard Group)ECMA FRF (Frame Relay Forum)DSL ForumETSI IMTC (Multimedia)ECMA Standardizing Information & Communication SystemsIEEE IPDR OrganizationETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)JCTEA IPv6 ForumFRFNIST MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) ForumIEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)SCTE MSF (Multiservice Switching Forum)ISOC/IETF (Internet Society/Internet Engineering Task Force)TIA OASISJCTEA (Japan Cable Television Engineering Association)TTA OIF (Optical Internetworking Forum)MPLS ForumTTC OMG (Object Management Group)NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) SDL Forum SocietyOASIS TM Forum (Tele Management Forum)OIF W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)OMG SCTE (Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers) TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) TM Forum TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association) TTC (Telecommunication Technology Committee) W3C Members for Rec. A.4, A.5 and A.6 relationship

43. TSB 43 Cooperation on common subjects (liaisons, communications, mutual participation) Cooperation on workshops ITU-T provide draft texts and other documents to SDOs to post for public consultation ITUs permission for SDOs to reproduce ITU-T texts More to be done for mutual benefit: market study, joint promotion, mutual reference, joint conferences, efficient coordination, common IPR policy, etc. Informal Forum Summit, Geneva, December 2001 FS-VDSL Forum to be changed into an ITU-T SG 16 Focus Group Cooperation activities with SDOs (General)

44. TSB 44 Some forums become A.4 members of ITU-T FS-VDSL Forum will become a Focus Group of ITU-T SG 16 Another Forum is considering to become a Focus Group of ITU-T Home page connections for ITU-T and Forums/Consortia ITU-T SG 16 management member be included in the Forum leadership New approaches… TO COOPERATE and WORK TOGETHER! New relationships between Forums/Consortia and ITU-T

45. TSB 45 Consensus: after WTSA-2000, the ITU-T procedures are now very streamlined and efficient so that any perception of slowness can no longer be attributed to the ITU-T methods… fully recognized that Sector Members have a significant leadership role in the ITU-T technical standardization activities… ITU-T is and should remain the unique worldwide venue for industry and governments to work together in developing, providing and promoting global consensus-based telecommunication requirements and standards for the Information Society Welcome you in ITU-T! ********** Industry Views on ITU-T Martigny, February 2001