1. BELLWORK 1. What were the two sides of WWI? 2. Describe the two types of nationalism that were present during WWI. 3. Who was Gavrilo Princip? What was his ultimate political goal? 4. Describe how Ferdinand’s assassination led to the outbreak of WWI. 5. What is a stalemate? 6. THINKER: In your opinion, do you think it is acceptable to use chemicals when fighting a war? Explain your position! (Ex: poison, mustard/tear gas).

2. PRE-WWI Europe WWI has a dramatic effect on the geography of Europe. WWI has a dramatic effect on the geography of Europe. During this unit, you will create two different maps to show the geographical changes. During this unit, you will create two different maps to show the geographical changes. Pre-WWI map Pre-WWI map Post-WWI map Post-WWI map Use page 307 to fill in the map. Use page 307 to fill in the map. Follow the directions! Label and color correctly! Follow the directions! Label and color correctly!

3. Trench Warfare Both sides would dig elaborate trenches facing each other. Both sides would dig elaborate trenches facing each other. Result would be a stalemate situation- both sides stuck, neither able to attack because the other can defend so well. Result would be a stalemate situation- both sides stuck, neither able to attack because the other can defend so well. Men would charge across open fields rushing to the opposing side & be cut down with machine gun fire. Men would charge across open fields rushing to the opposing side & be cut down with machine gun fire.

10. Trench Foot

11. Trench Rats Men killed in the trenches were buried where they fell. Men killed in the trenches were buried where they fell. Large numbers of decomposing bodies filled up the trenches Large numbers of decomposing bodies filled up the trenches This attracted rats This attracted rats Rats were carriers of diseases, like malaria and influenza. Rats were carriers of diseases, like malaria and influenza.

12. Diseases and Sanitation No proper system of waste disposal No proper system of waste disposal Soldiers would use tins to deposit waste and throw them over the trench. Soldiers would use tins to deposit waste and throw them over the trench. This lack of sanitation caused disease to spread rapidly. This lack of sanitation caused disease to spread rapidly.

13. Shellshock Also known as Combat Stress Reaction (CSR) Also known as Combat Stress Reaction (CSR) In WWI, shell shock was considered a psychiatric illness resulting from injury to the nerves during combat In WWI, shell shock was considered a psychiatric illness resulting from injury to the nerves during combat The horrors of trench warfare meant that about 10% of the fighting soldiers were killed and the total proportion of troops who became casualties (killed or wounded) was 56%. The horrors of trench warfare meant that about 10% of the fighting soldiers were killed and the total proportion of troops who became casualties (killed or wounded) was 56%.

14. New weapons in WWI Tanks Tanks Machine Guns Machine Guns Mortars (shot a shell in a high arc over a relatively short distance) Mortars (shot a shell in a high arc over a relatively short distance) Flamethrowers Flamethrowers Helmets Helmets Barbed Wire Barbed Wire Mustard Gas Mustard Gas

16. MUSTARD GAS

20. The Christmas Truce December 24 th, 1914. December 24 th, 1914. Both sides- German & French/British stopped for the night. Both sides- German & French/British stopped for the night. Men went across No Man’s Land and exchanged small gifts- whisky, jam, cigars, chocolate. Men went across No Man’s Land and exchanged small gifts- whisky, jam, cigars, chocolate. Sung Christmas carols across from the trenches to one another. Sung Christmas carols across from the trenches to one another.

23. Dulce Et Decorum Est We are now going to read a poem written by Wilfred Owen called Dulce Et Decorum Est. We are now going to read a poem written by Wilfred Owen called Dulce Et Decorum Est. It is about a British soldier in WWI and all of the hardships he had to face on the battlefront. It is about a British soldier in WWI and all of the hardships he had to face on the battlefront. Follow along as I read and be ready to answer the questions on a separate sheet of paper. Follow along as I read and be ready to answer the questions on a separate sheet of paper.

24. Dulce Et Decorum Est Questions 1. What is the overall subject/meaning of the poem? Be sure to provide specific details. 2. What are the images that are created in your mind? What words or lines help you picture these images? 3. What message is the author trying to convey about war? 4. What about the poem tells you what message the author is trying to convey? 5. After reading this, how do you feel about war? If you were alive during the time, do you think you would serve in WWI?

25. The Christmas Truce Video This video follows the history of trench warfare and the truce between British and German soldiers on Christmas. This video follows the history of trench warfare and the truce between British and German soldiers on Christmas. Follow along and answer all the questions! Follow along and answer all the questions!

26. “America at War” Video You are now going to watch the history channel episode “The Death of Glory” from the series “America at War.” You are now going to watch the history channel episode “The Death of Glory” from the series “America at War.” This episode starts from the very beginning of WWI and demonstrates how the complex web of alliances get European countries into war. This episode starts from the very beginning of WWI and demonstrates how the complex web of alliances get European countries into war. It focuses specifically on European fighting and the strategies of each country. It focuses specifically on European fighting and the strategies of each country. Answer the 15 questions on your own sheet of paper! Answer the 15 questions on your own sheet of paper!