1. PROGRESSive Reform October 23, 2014

2. To protect the POOR: 1.Settlement house: community center that helped the poor – By 1911, over 400 across country Provided English classes to immigrants Nursery classes Kindergarten To protect CHILDREN: Florence Kelley: lawyer who helped create the U.S. Children’s Bureau (1912) 1916: Keating-Owens Act passed (end child labor) – 1918: ruled UNCONSTITUTIONAL, so child labor continued 1938: Child Labor OFFICIALLY ended (14 years old) To protect WORKERS: 1900: U.S. has highest rate of work accidents in world Dangerous fumes, long hours, poor ventilation, unsafe machinery, etc. – 30,000 died; 500,000 injured

3. March 1911: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory (NYC) Fire SHOCKS AMERICANS – Over 146 women die – Door bolted shut – Owners tried for manslaughter (acquitted) RESULTS: (1) outward doors (2) sprinkler system (3) fire drills (4) no locked doors To protect VOTERS: 1916: DIRECT PRIMARIES set up in gov’t – Election where citizens vote to select nominees for upcoming election Initiative: gives citizens the power to put law on ballot (need petition) Referendum: power to approve/ reject laws passed by Congress (ex: Amendment ¾ states; OR petition gov’t to STOP law) Recall: power to remove elected officials from office before term ends (citizens VOTE to remove/ no legal process)