1. Animal Behavior

2. Behavior
The way an organism interacts with other organisms and its environment
Stimulus- anything in the environment that causes a reaction

3. Innate Behavior A behavior an animal is born with
Reflex- automatic response that does not involve a message from the brain
Instinct- complex pattern of innate behavior

4. Learned Behavior
Develops during an animal’s lifetime as a result of experience or practice
In changing environments, animals that have the ability to learn a new behavior are more likely to survive
Learning can modify instincts
Imprinting- when an animal forms a social attachment to other organism after birth or hatching
Conditioning- behavior is modified so that a response to one stimulus becomes associated with a different stimulus
Insight- allows animals to use past experiences to solve new problems

5. Social behavior Interactions among organisms of the same species
Courting, mating, caring for young, claiming territories
Society- a group of animals of the same species living and working together in an organized way

6. Territorial Behavior
Territory- an area that an animal defends from other members of the same species
Contain food, shelter, and potential mates
Aggression- forceful behavior used to dominate or control another animal
Submission- animals might show submissive behavior or avoid being injured or to show other animal its dominant
Defending territory is an instinctive behavior

7. Communication
Action by a sender that influences the behavior of a reciever
Courtship behavior- performed before mating
Pheromones- chemicals produced by one animal that influences the behavior of another animal of the same species
Sound communication used by insects/vertebrates
Light communication
Flies, marine animals, beetles use bioluminescence
Used to lure prey, escape predators, locate mate

8. Cyclic Behavior Innate behavior that occurs in a repeating pattern
Circadian rhythm- behavior based on 24 hour cycle
Diurnal- animals active during day
Nocturnal- animals active at night
Crepuscular- animals active at dawn and dusk

9. Hibernation
Cyclic response to cold temperatures and limited food supplies
Body temperature and breathing rate drop
Some mammals and many amphibians/reptiles do it

10. Estivation State of reduced activity similar to hibernation
Desert animals estivate due to lack of food or periods of drought

11. Migration Instinctive seasonal movement of animals
Move to new locations when seasons change
Do so in order to find food or reproduce in an environment that is more favorable for survival of offspring