1. The Cold War 1946-1960 (-1991)

2. Essential Question: What caused the Cold War? Who was to blame?

3. Yalta ChurchillChurchill RooseveltRoosevelt StalinStalin Decide fate of Germany & occupied Eastern EuropeDecide fate of Germany & occupied Eastern Europe

4. FDR diesFDR dies Harry Truman Becomes PresidentHarry Truman Becomes President

5. Potsdam Truman, Stalin, ChurchillTruman, Stalin, Churchill Treaty draftsTreaty drafts War CrimesWar Crimes Germany divided into zones of occupation—U.S., Britain, France, USSRGermany divided into zones of occupation—U.S., Britain, France, USSR Truman/Stalin distrustTruman/Stalin distrust

6. Hiroshima & Nagasaki How did the Atom bomb change everything?

7. The Iron Curtain Winston Churchill ‘s speechWinston Churchill ‘s speech Fulton, MissouriFulton, Missouri Recognition of reality of Soviet takeover of Eastern EuropeRecognition of reality of Soviet takeover of Eastern Europe Warning of dangers of Spread of CommunismWarning of dangers of Spread of Communism

8. Truman Doctrine Response to Greek Civil War & Communist Activity in TurkeyResponse to Greek Civil War & Communist Activity in Turkey Promised U.S. support for Anti- Communist forcesPromised U.S. support for Anti- Communist forces Greek Communist withdrew to YugoslaviaGreek Communist withdrew to Yugoslavia

9. Containment George KennanGeorge Kennan Soviet Union would threaten its neighbors as long as there was a power vacuumSoviet Union would threaten its neighbors as long as there was a power vacuum Use counterforce to stop spread of CommunismUse counterforce to stop spread of Communism

10. Start of Red Scare HUAC: House Un-American Activities Committee began to investigate –Federal government –Hollywood 10 –Universities Creation of CIA

11. The Marshall Plan 12 billion in aid to build & stabilize Europe

12. Prague Coup

13. Berlin Airlift Soviet Union tries to force allies out of West Berlin by closing Roads & RRSoviet Union tries to force allies out of West Berlin by closing Roads & RR U.S. response to airlift all suppliesU.S. response to airlift all supplies

16. NATO & The Marshall Plan

17. Communist Revolution in China Mao Tse DungMao Tse Dung

18. The Threat of Nuclear War-- Russia develops the atom bomb

19. David Greenglass, Ethel’s brother The Rosenbergs

20. The Red Scare: McCarthyismMcCarthyism HUACHUAC Hollywood 10Hollywood 10

22. Korean War Limited WarfareLimited Warfare

24. Truman fired MacArthur— wanted to invade China

25. H-Bomb - 450 times more powerful then Hiroshima!

26. Second H-Bomb 1000 times more powerful than Hiroshima

27. Eisenhower’s Cold War >Hydrogen Bomb >Death of Stalin >brinkmanship >John Foster Dulles

28. Massive Retaliation/Brinkmanship John Foster Dulles “The ability to get to the verge without getting into war is a necessary art.” Build up of Civil Defense Activities

29. How to survive a nuclear attack in war & at home?

31. Khrushchev Attacked Stalin False Hope of freedom Poznan Revolt & Massacre

33. Hungarian Revolt Eastern Europe Rebels against CommunismEastern Europe Rebels against Communism Soviet Invasions put down revoltsSoviet Invasions put down revolts NATO stayed outNATO stayed out

35. Space Race: Sputnik

36. SputnikSputnik LaikaLaika Yuri GagarinYuri Gagarin Space Race

37. U2 Spy Incident American Pilot Gary Powers tried as Spy by RussiansAmerican Pilot Gary Powers tried as Spy by Russians

38. Effects of the Cold War Hostility between U.S. & Russia Hot Wars: Korea & Vietnam Fight to Spread Communism v. Democracy Possibility of Extinction of Mankind Military-Industrial Complex Red Scare Nuclear Fear & Paranoia