1. People Power and Post War Politics Prime Ministers – Gough Whitlam Part 2: Policies By S. Angelo East Hills Girls Technology High School 2008

2. Labor Policy Focus Equal opportunity Australian control of natural resources Promotion of Australian identity Social Justice

3. ACTIVITIES Draw up and Complete the following table for policies addressing equalityAustralian Identity Social justice

4. self determination policy Royal Commission on Aboriginal Land Rights in Federal Territories (1973) return of land to Gurindji people (1975) Funding for Aboriginal Affairs increased from $23m under Liberal to $141m Establishment of Federal Ministry for Aboriginal Affairs Establishment of National Aboriginal Consultative Committee Repealed Section 64 of Migration Acts 1958 – 1966 meaning Aboriginal people did not have to gain government permission to leave Australia Changing Rights and Freedoms

5. Federal policy moved from integration to multiculturalism Al Grassby, Minister for Immigration 1972 – 1974; Commissioner for Community Relations (1975) Abolition of White Australia Policy End of preferential treatment for northern European and North American tourists and immigrants Reform of Citizenship Act Encouragement of migrants Community radio programs Multilingual welfare officers Multilingual emergency telephone calls Teacher exchange program with Italy Racial Discrimination Act 1975 Multiculturalism

6. Promotion of equal opportunity Elizabeth Reid appointed as Women’s Adviser to the PM Creation of Office of Women’s Affairs Conciliation and Arbitration Commission given power to create an adult wage to replace separate male and female rates (1974) Single mother’s allowance Removal of sales tax on contraceptive pill Home tutoring English programs for migrant women Family Law Act 1975 – no fault divorce removed social stigma from women who sought a divorce and removed ‘guilty’ label when dealing with custody and property disputes Women

7. Abolition of Conscription for national service university fees Establishment of Australian Legal Aid Office national health scheme – Medibank Trade Practices Commission Law Reform Commission Creation of Australian passports Australian Film Commission Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service National Film and Television Schoo lProgram of providing sewerage to all urban area replacing septic tanks and pan systems Decentralisation – Albury –Wodonga Commenced construction of Australian National Gallery Release of draft dodgers from prison Banning racially selected sporting teams from South Africa Other Reforms

8. Asian Relations Recognition of China Initiatives to improve relationship with China and other Communist nations: East Germany, Nth Vietnam, Nth Korea visit to PRC as opposition leader 1971 Formal recognition to China’s government in 1972 State visit to China in 1973 Supported China’s membership in UN Appointed Dr Stephen Fitzgerald as ambassador to China Australia’s embassy in Bejing reopened China’s embassy in Canberra opened Improved trade relations Cultural exchange programs tourism

9. Whitlam’s Visit to the Philippines http://australianscreen.com.au/titles/whitlam-visit- philippines/clip1/ Australia’s growing relationship with nations in South-East Asia the Philippines Prior to the election of the Whitlam Labor government in 1972, Australia’s foreign policy was closely aligned firstly with that of Britain, and after the Second World War with that of the USA. Whitlam sought to maintain a close relationship with the USA, he pursued an independent foreign policy that emphasised regional engagement. Whitlam believed that Australia’s foreign policy should address the nation’s interests rather than be tied to the global objectives of the USA. The focus on the Asia–Pacific region was prompted by Australia’s location in the region and a desire to strengthen relationships with neighbouring countries in the interests of national security and trade.

10. Papua New Guinea Control of British New Guinea since 1906 trustee of German New Guinea since post WWII as part of UN agreement Paternalism and exploitation Self government granted in 1973 Independence granted in 1975

11. HUMAN RIGHTS International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Involvement in WHO Involvement in ILO Involvement in UNESCO Racial Discrimination Act 1975 1965 Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination

12. Foreign Policy Changes Australian UN representatives favoured self- determination for Angola, Mozambique, Rodesia (Zimbabwe) Support for Asia forum; decreased emphasis on SEATO Opposition to French nuclear testing in the Pacific Forced France at the International Court of Justice to stop atmospheric nuclear testing Replace God Save the Queen with Advance Australia Fair Order of Australia to replace Imperial honours Abolition of legal appeals to British Privy Council

13. only Prime Minister to grow up in the national capital dubbed ‘the young brolga’ when he entered parliament, for his height (194cm) and imperious bearing one of only two Prime Ministers whose lifetime spanned the lives of all 25 Prime Ministers in Australia’s first century (John Gorton was the other) was on active service in World War II as a RAAF navigator, despite suffering badly from airsickness only Prime Minister dismissed from office the Whitlam Institute was developed within the University of Western Sydney in 2000Whitlam Institute GOUGH TRIVIA