1. Drug information resources Done by:Fatimah Al-Shehri Pharm.D

2. Tertiary Literature: It summarizes and interprets the primary literature. Types of tertiary literature: Textbooks, compendia, handbooks, articles reviews, manuals, and online drug databases (UpToDate, Micromedex,Medscape,lexicomp etc…) It can be either printed or electronic.

3. Tertiary Literature: : Advantages Convenient, accessible Inexpensive Often available online Presence of reference citation that can be retrieved for more specific information Disadvantages: Lag time (delay in publication) Lack of details about specific topics Author’s interpretation

4. Secondary Literature: Used to locate primary literature and includes indexing and abstracting services. Indexing services :provide bibliographic citations, with or without an abstract. Abstracting services :provide summaries of primary literature articles in addition to the citation of that article. Examples of secondary literature: >-MEDLINE / PubMd.-EMBASE (Elsevier). -Iowa Drug Information System (IDIS).

5. Secondary Literature: : Advantages Simple search strategies Very current citation information Access point for tremendous amount of primary sources :Disadvantages Incomplete information Not specific to researcher needs Some databases are expensive to access such as EMBASE

6. MEDLINE/PubMed:

9. Primary literature: Primary literature is one that provides original work, such as experimental or observational studies, research abstracts, case reports, analyses, or observations. Journals, meetings symposia, and conference proceedings are considered primary information resource.

10. Primary literature: : Advantages Most current published source. Useful when specific information is needed. :Disadvantages Overwhelming volume. Necessity for article critical appraisal. Takes long time to obtain the actual article. Few articles are available in a free full text format.

11. Which literature to use?

12. Micromedex

14. UpToDate:

16. Electronic Medicines Compendium www.medicines.org.uk/emc

17. Electronic Medicines Compendium

19. Martindale

20. MHRA Drug Analysis Prints (DAP)

22. Pediatrics : Specific Information When calculating a dose on a mg/kg basis never exceed the maximum recommended dose (usually the adult dose). If the child is obese consider calculating using ideal body weight Consider if the patient is a young infant (less than 3 months old), were they premature? If so, what is their gestational age ? Consider if the route is oral, is the child able to swallow tablets :References The Harriet Lane Handbook Neofax (available as a handbook at the Inpatient Pharmacy) Micromedex (see pediatric dosing) UpToDate (see dosing: pediatric) Electronic Medicines Compendium. www.medicines.org.uk/emcwww.medicines.org.uk/emc

23. The Harriet Lane Handbook

24. Toxicology Specific Information: How much of the medication has been taken, and how long ago ? Consider the circumstances of the exposure, Was this an accidental, deliberate overdose, or an administration error Consider if the patient having any symptoms from poisoning :References POISONDEX UpToDate Electronic Medicines Compendium. www.medicines.org.uk/emc (see overdose)www.medicines.org.uk/emc

25. POISONDEX

26. Click My JAMAevidence

30. How to use PubMed http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MMaPxeM MRI0