2. WOS2006| 2

3. 3 Fear of harm ought to be proportional not merely to the gravity of the harm, but also to the probability of the event A. Arnoud, La Logique, or lart de penser, 1662

4. WOS2006| 4 Primary objectives Development of a methodology to support the definition of a risk reduction strategy –Optimising reduction of consequences, probabilities and costs Application of the methodology to 25 hazardous activities –That take place in activities or occupations –Allowing the construction of a risk profile for that occupation –And developing a risk reduction strategy The ultimate application takes place in the enterprises.

5. WOS2006| 5 Project manager MinSZW (J. Oh) Project manager MinSZW (J. Oh) Product manager (B. Ale) Product manager (B. Ale) Software (L. Bellamy) Software (L. Bellamy) Management factor (A. Hale) Management factor (A. Hale) Storybuilding (L.Bellamy/A. Hale) Storybuilding (L.Bellamy/A. Hale) Bowtiebuilding (I. Papazoglou) Bowtiebuilding (I. Papazoglou) Technical secretary (J. Versteegen) Technical secretary (J. Versteegen) Project coordinator MinSZW (J. Drost) Project coordinator MinSZW (J. Drost) Organisation Product manager (A. Bloemhoff) Product manager (A. Bloemhoff) Survey (J. Klein Hesselink) Survey (J. Klein Hesselink) Costs of measures (M. Damen) Costs of measures (M. Damen) Quantification (R. Whitehouse) Quantification (R. Whitehouse) Datawarehouse (A. Eykelestam) Datawarehouse (A. Eykelestam) J. Whiston O. Aneziris M. Mud H. Baksteen J.P. van t Zand L. Goossens M. Mud M. Damen M. Samwel C. Paas J. Quik P. Sprenger P. van Grieken R. Whitehouse S. Verschoof J. Paap J. Klein Hesselink I. Papazoglou A. Bloemhoff 10 August 2005 Advisory committee T. Maddison (HSE) K. Jorgensen (Danish LI) M. Christou (EU-JRC) Advisory committee T. Maddison (HSE) K. Jorgensen (Danish LI) M. Christou (EU-JRC) A. Bloemhoff

6. WOS2006| 6 Causes Consequences

7. WOS2006| 7 Fault-tree Accident Basic causses Event-tree Damage Bow-tie Everything leading up to the accident Verything following the accident

8. WOS2006| 8 Prevent accidents Take away causes Make barriers

9. WOS2006| 9 Fault-tree Basic failure events Event-tree Outcomes rotha Effectiveness of a barriers Need number before and after

10. WOS2006| 10 Barriers are not perfect

11. WOS2006| 11 Level of measures population With reportable accidents population without reportable accidents

12. WOS2006| 12 METRIC The injury classes are –Death –Permanent injury –Recoverable injury Risk is expressed as the frequency of having each of the three possible consequences per year of work.

13. WOS2006| 13 Horrible stories (reminder)

14. WOS2006| 14 Volume 10000 accidents: to analyse Enter the storybuilder (another paper in this conference)

15. WOS2006| 15

16. WOS2006| 16 Company Job Activity 1 Activity 2 ….. Hazard

17. WOS2006| 17 Jobprofile Activity nrTime or nr of missions 123456123456 No risk ……. RISK For jobtitle

18. WOS2006| 18 BowtieBuilder Accident data StoryBuilder Scenarios NormsStandardsRegulations Bowties and Barrieres Cost Optimizer OptimalRiskreduction Probabilities ManagementFactors Exposure

19. WOS2006| 19 Ladders Probability Influencing Entity Influences one block at the time

20. WOS2006| 20 PIE Measure 1 PIE Measure 2 PIE Measure 3 Strategy 1 Strategy 2 Strategy 3 Bow-Tie Block Bow-Tie Block Cost 1 Optimiser

21. WOS2006| 21

22. WOS2006| 22 Human influence DELIVERIES Procedures Equipment Ergonomics Availability Competence Communication Motivation Conflict- resolution TASKS Provide Use Maintain Monitor Barrier

23. WOS2006| 23 PSBs plac&prot ability right ladder strength stability stay on SSBs Cause Fall DELIVERIES Procedures Equipment Ergonomics Availability Competence Communication Motivation Conflict- resolution TASKS Provide Use Maintain Monitor DELIVERIES Procedures Equipment Ergonomics Availability Competence Communication Motivation Conflict- resolution TASKS Provide Use Maintain Monitor TASKS Provide Use Maintain Monitor

24. WOS2006| 24 SSB PSB CE P + cond (SSB = +) BFE LCE BFE LCE % of paths = max reduction Also for PUMM Measure Change % + state

25. WOS2006| 25 Data selection

26. WOS2006| 26 Further selection

27. WOS2006| 27

28. WOS2006| 28

29. WOS2006| 29 Hazardous chemicals

30. WOS2006| 30 Heinrichs Triangle Deaths 1 Permanent injuries 10 Recoverable injuries 30

31. WOS2006| 31 Deaths 1 Permanent injuries 10 Recoverable injuries 30 1.1.1. Ladder accidents Every year there are on average 3 deaths from falls from a ladder, 30 permanent injuries and 90 recoverable serious injuries

32. WOS2006| 32 Deaths 1 Permanent injuries 5 Recoverable injuries 35 1.1.2. Scaffold accidents Every year there are around 70 falls from scaffold accidents

33. WOS2006| 33 Deaths 1 Permanent injuries 7 Recoverable injuries 9 2. Struck by moving vehicle Every year there are around 120 work accidents where a person is struck by a moving vehicle. 6% of cases analysed resulted in death In all the cases of death the victim was in an area normally designated safe In all cases management failed to provide adequate barriers at some point in the scenarios

34. WOS2006| 34 Deaths 1 Permanent injuries 5 Recoverable injuries 4 3. Falling/dropped/collapsing objects Every year there are on average 240 accidents

35. WOS2006| 35 8.1 Machine accidents A first pass assessment suggests that every year there are around 500 machine accidents in Nederland involving contact with moving parts Deaths 1 Permanent injuries 40 Recoverable injuries 10 Humans are no match for machines

36. WOS2006| 36 Occupational accidents (Netherlands)

37. WOS2006| 37 Get the exposure data

38. WOS2006| 38

39. WOS2006| 39 The end M R O W