1. XML Transformations Eugenia Fernandez IUPUI

2. Stylesheet Technologies Browser-based Presentation HTML Cascading Stylesheets Programming-based Transformation Simple API for XML (SAX) Document Object Model (DOM) Declarative-based Transformation XSL Transformations (XSLT) Pagination-based Presentation XSL Formatting Objects (XSLFO) Document Style and Semantics Specifications Language (DSSSL)

3. XSL: XSLT and XSLFO XSL – Extensible Stylesheet Language XSLT – XSL Transformations vocabulary for transforming XML instances into other vocabularies XSLFO – XSL Formatting Objects vocabulary for paginated formatting of information Technically, XSL = XSLFO but more commonly used as XSLT XSLFO XSL

4. XSLT Stylesheets & DTDs Independent of any DTD XSLT processor can process well-formed XML documents without a DTD one stylesheet can process multiple instances of a DTD different stylesheets can process a given XML document to produce different results

5. XSLT Processing XML Source XML XSLFO HTML Non-XML Source Node Tree Result Node Tree Instruction Execution XSL Processor XSL Stylesheet Result

6. Simple API for XML (SAX) stream-oriented, platform- and language- independent specification of functions that allow programs to process XML SAX Principles document is ordered series of events XML processor generates events application writes handlers for each event Plus/Minus + fast transformation - programming needed - changes in document require changes in program

7. Document Object Model (DOM) tree-oriented, platform- and language-neutral programming interface DOM principles implements transformation by code models objects for XML and HTML standard interface for manipulating the objects

8. Sources “XML and Stylesheets”, G. Ken Holman, presentation at XML One Conference, Chicago, IL, May, 2001.