1. Methodologies for Estimation of Greenhouse Gases in the Waste Sector of National GHG Inventories Member State Presentation: Finland Jouko Petäjä Finnish Environment Institute Workshop on Inventories and Projections of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Waste, EEA, Copenhagen 2-3 May 2005

2. Relevance of the Waste Sector Key source categories in the waste sector: (Tier 2 method) 6.A Solid Waste Disposal on Land; Methane. 6.B Domestic and Commercial Wastewater Handling; densely populated areas (collected wastewater); Nitrous oxide. GHG emissions of the Waste Sector in 2003 compared with the total GHG emissions in Finland. Figure.

3. Time Series of Solid Waste Disposal Figure. GHG Emissions from Solid Waste Disposal on Land.

4. Time Series of Wastewater Handling Figure. Nitrous oxide and Methane Emissions from Wastewater Handling.

5. Time Series Consistency Method and parameters are the same through the whole time series Sources of activity data variate: Literature estimation (1990) Landfill Registry (1992-1995) with rough waste classification and volume units VAHTI database (1997-2003) with EWC code classification and mass units Method and parameters are the same through the whole time series Two registers for activity data in time series of wastewater handling but original data is consistent WastewaterSolid Waste Disposal

6. Reporting of Parameters Parameters are reported mainly in NIR. The level of this reporting is the same as in IPCC Guidances or in CRF tables (e.g. MCF, DOC fractions, methane generation rate constants, waste composition of solid municipal waste, maximum methane producing capacity). Some of the specific calculation or grouping parameters are documented only in the MS Excel sheets or in the MS Access sampling routines (e.g. default values for moisture content or grouping information on EWC waste codes).

7. Methods of Wastewater Handling Methane from Collected Domestic (and Commercial) and Industrial Wastewater Handling Plants Shared methane conversion factors have been used for both wastewater and sludge handling. Methane recovery has not been taken into account (emissions are caused by exceptional operation conditions of aerobic processes or by minor leakages in anaerobic sludge treatment). Methane from Uncollected Domestic Wastewater Handling Check method with default parameters has been used Nitrous oxide Measured N input values for collected wastewater FAO statistics for uncollected wastewater (sparsely popul. areas) N input from fish farming and from industry have been also used

8. Solid Waste Disposal on Land; Methods and Definitions Emissions from Solid Waste Disposal on Land has been calculated by using the First Order Decay (FOD) Method (IPCC Tier 2 method) with a modification on Methane Correction Factor (MCF) parameter. Emissions from composting are estimated neglible small. Emissions from Waste Incineration and energy use of recovered methane are reported in the Energy Sector (possible emissions from recovered but flared methane are not reported).

9. Uncertainties and QA/QC Procedures Wastewater Handling General (Tier 1) Quality Control (QC) Procedures (e.q. gross-checking the data in the calculation model with the documentation on activity data and emissions factors) Solid Waste Disposal on Land General (Tier 1) Quality Control (QC) Procedures Tier 2 QC for activity data and for emissions factors (especially VAHTI database data were cross-checked with the data of previous years) Uncertainties Uncertainties are quite high for activity data of SWDSs and for emissions factors of Wastewater Handling

10. Modification to the MCF Parameter FOD method in GPG 2000: In the original IPCC formula Modified formula in the Finnish inventory

11. Illustration of SWDSs with variating MCF parameters 96 0 97 9 9898 0 9 9696 9797 9898 03 0202 01 The above SWDS has no cover material and no mechanical compacting from the years 1996 to 2000: MCF=0.4. The SWDS has cover material and mechanical compacting from 2001 to 2003: MCF=1.0. The MCF for wastes deposited in 1996-2000 and degraded in the years 2001-03 is 1.0, also. Change from 2000 to 2003

12. Calculation Procedure for EPER Historical waste data is taken according to the national data if the actual data of the SWDS in question is unknown. Default values for calculation parameters are the national values. If better information is available, site specific values can be used. To simplify the calculation procedure a recursive formula was developed (analogous to IPCC 2006 manuscript).

13. Recursive Calculation for EPER Degradeable DOC = Deg = MSW depos DOC DOC F and where Dis(t) is the dissimilated DOC in year t. If all the waste is deposited in the beginning of the year then If there is a time delay (in years, between 0 and 1)