1. US Workshop Sep 04 CEN TC 278 WG3 SG5 Interoperable Fare Management System Architecture David Sentinella Department for Transport David Sentinella Department for Transport US / CEN Workshop on Fare Management System

2. US Workshop Sep 04 Workshop Agenda Overview, context setting Overview, context setting Roles and responsibilities Roles and responsibilities UK example UK example Norwegian example Norwegian example Use Cases Use Cases Interfaces Interfaces Identification and Security Identification and Security Overview, context setting Overview, context setting Roles and responsibilities Roles and responsibilities UK example UK example Norwegian example Norwegian example Use Cases Use Cases Interfaces Interfaces Identification and Security Identification and Security - David - Trond - David - Trond - David - Trond - David - Trond - David - Trond - David - Trond

3. US Workshop Sep 04 Interoperability - a customer‘s perspective Interoperability provides the customer with a seamless journey using one Customer Media independent of the transport means and service providers Interoperability provides the customer with a seamless journey using one Customer Media independent of the transport means and service providers Operator 2 Operator 1 Operator 3 Operator 4 Operator x Operator y Customer Media

4. US Workshop Sep 04 Europe 2000 - Without Interoperability UK France Spain Germany Italy Denmark Norway

5. US Workshop Sep 04 European Requirements Interoperability Interoperability Hardware & supplier independent interface description Hardware & supplier independent interface description Functionally neutral to specific transport organisation structures Functionally neutral to specific transport organisation structures Recognise and prevent internal and external fraud attacks (Security) Recognise and prevent internal and external fraud attacks (Security) Integrity of data Integrity of data Easy and Fair Settlement, independent of commercial agreements Easy and Fair Settlement, independent of commercial agreements Flexibility to cover existing and new tariff systems (products) Flexibility to cover existing and new tariff systems (products) Compliance with data protection and financial services laws Compliance with data protection and financial services laws Multi application customer media Multi application customer media Interoperability Interoperability Hardware & supplier independent interface description Hardware & supplier independent interface description Functionally neutral to specific transport organisation structures Functionally neutral to specific transport organisation structures Recognise and prevent internal and external fraud attacks (Security) Recognise and prevent internal and external fraud attacks (Security) Integrity of data Integrity of data Easy and Fair Settlement, independent of commercial agreements Easy and Fair Settlement, independent of commercial agreements Flexibility to cover existing and new tariff systems (products) Flexibility to cover existing and new tariff systems (products) Compliance with data protection and financial services laws Compliance with data protection and financial services laws Multi application customer media Multi application customer media

6. US Workshop Sep 04 Local ‘existing’ ticketing E-purse Directory Products E-Europe TB7 / ISSS URI ISSS URI National Project Application Related TC224 WG11 IOPTA / IOPTA / EN1545 EN1545 Multi-application Directory - ACCESS System Related TC278 WG3 ‘FRAMEWORK’ ‘FRAMEWORK’ ISSS FASTEST / E-Europe TB9 Actors TC278 in context - WHY the IFM... ISO 14443 Words Grammar Storage

7. US Workshop Sep 04 Norway Switzerland UIC France Germany Great Britain Netherlands Announced schedule for the standard: work started in May 2000 Document for formal vote 2004/05 Significant Member Contributions 15 Members are participating in CEN TC278 WG3 (SG5) 15 Members are participating in CEN TC278 WG3 (SG5)

8. US Workshop Sep 04 Europe 2004 - interoperability with IFM base ITSO VDV-Kernapplikation Translink Intercode + interbob Austria Nortic

9. US Workshop Sep 04 Benefits of an IFM Simplify commercial agreements Remove barrier to implementation Competitive procurements Reduced costs Reduced Maintenance costs Easy and Fair Settlement Enlarged Tariff Product Range Increase Boarding capacity Reliable data for Transport planning Easy to extend to larger transport areas and new services Seamless Journey Easy Access Customer adapted Products UserAuthorityOperator

10. US Workshop Sep 04 Scope of the IFM To provide the basis for multi- operator/multi-service Interoperable Public Transport Fare Management Systems (IFM) on a national and international level. To provide the basis for multi- operator/multi-service Interoperable Public Transport Fare Management Systems (IFM) on a national and international level. to define a reference functional architecture to define a reference functional architecture to identify the requirements that are relevant to ensure interoperability between several actors in the context of the use of electronic tickets. to identify the requirements that are relevant to ensure interoperability between several actors in the context of the use of electronic tickets. To extend existing international standards to describe ticketing requirements To extend existing international standards to describe ticketing requirements To provide the basis for multi- operator/multi-service Interoperable Public Transport Fare Management Systems (IFM) on a national and international level. To provide the basis for multi- operator/multi-service Interoperable Public Transport Fare Management Systems (IFM) on a national and international level. to define a reference functional architecture to define a reference functional architecture to identify the requirements that are relevant to ensure interoperability between several actors in the context of the use of electronic tickets. to identify the requirements that are relevant to ensure interoperability between several actors in the context of the use of electronic tickets. To extend existing international standards to describe ticketing requirements To extend existing international standards to describe ticketing requirements

11. US Workshop Sep 04 Functions of the IFM The IFM system includes all the functions involved in the fare management process such as The IFM system includes all the functions involved in the fare management process such as Management of Application Management of Application Management of Products Management of Products Security management Security management Certification, Registration and Identification Certification, Registration and Identification The IFM system includes all the functions involved in the fare management process such as The IFM system includes all the functions involved in the fare management process such as Management of Application Management of Application Management of Products Management of Products Security management Security management Certification, Registration and Identification Certification, Registration and Identification

12. US Workshop Sep 04 The IFM Standard Identification of the different functional entities in relation to the overall fare management system. Identification of the different functional entities in relation to the overall fare management system. Definition of a generic model describing the logical and functional architecture. Definition of a generic model describing the logical and functional architecture. Use cases describing the interactions and data flows between the different functional entities. Use cases describing the interactions and data flows between the different functional entities. Description of security requirements. Description of security requirements. Identification of the different functional entities in relation to the overall fare management system. Identification of the different functional entities in relation to the overall fare management system. Definition of a generic model describing the logical and functional architecture. Definition of a generic model describing the logical and functional architecture. Use cases describing the interactions and data flows between the different functional entities. Use cases describing the interactions and data flows between the different functional entities. Description of security requirements. Description of security requirements.

13. US Workshop Sep 04 Security Manager Registrar Customer service Service Operator Product owner Application owner Collection & Forwarding Product Retailer Application Retailer Customer The IFM Model

14. US Workshop Sep 04 Roles and Responsibilities

15. US Workshop Sep 04 IFM model applied in the UK

16. US Workshop Sep 04 A real IFM system + =

17. US Workshop Sep 04 “We are actively promoting smartcard technology which will bring the possibility of a whole new range of ticket products, with far more flexibility than is possible at present.” “We are actively promoting smartcard technology which will bring the possibility of a whole new range of ticket products, with far more flexibility than is possible at present.” John Spellar, Bus Partnership Forum Feb 03 UK Department for Transport Progress

18. US Workshop Sep 04 How to achieve it…. Buy-in from existing schemes Buy-in from existing schemes Local control Local control Competitive procurements Competitive procurements Appropriate interoperability Appropriate interoperability Ensure competitive advantage Ensure competitive advantage Consistent customer handling procedures Consistent customer handling procedures The any time, any where principle for the customer The any time, any where principle for the customer Buy-in from existing schemes Buy-in from existing schemes Local control Local control Competitive procurements Competitive procurements Appropriate interoperability Appropriate interoperability Ensure competitive advantage Ensure competitive advantage Consistent customer handling procedures Consistent customer handling procedures The any time, any where principle for the customer The any time, any where principle for the customer Realism

19. US Workshop Sep 04

20. The Environment Memberorganisation Component / system certification Productregistration Specificationmanagement Organisationregistration Securityinfrastructure OperatingRules SecurityManagement

21. US Workshop Sep 04 ITSO Functions ProductOwner SETTLEMENTSETTLEMENTSETTLEMENTSETTLEMENT BUY USE SecurityTestingRegistration COLLECTIONCOLLECTIONCOLLECTIONCOLLECTION FORWARDINGFORWARDINGFORWARDINGFORWARDING CEN

22. US Workshop Sep 04 Current Priorities Interoperable supplier tests - PROVEN Interoperable supplier tests - PROVEN Specification Published - March 04 Specification Published - March 04 Legacy and “early adopter schemes” - Summer 2004 onwards Legacy and “early adopter schemes” - Summer 2004 onwards ITSO mandated for Local Authority spend ITSO mandated for Local Authority spend Co-operation across Government Departments Co-operation across Government Departments European Standardisation European Standardisation Interoperable supplier tests - PROVEN Interoperable supplier tests - PROVEN Specification Published - March 04 Specification Published - March 04 Legacy and “early adopter schemes” - Summer 2004 onwards Legacy and “early adopter schemes” - Summer 2004 onwards ITSO mandated for Local Authority spend ITSO mandated for Local Authority spend Co-operation across Government Departments Co-operation across Government Departments European Standardisation European Standardisation

23. US Workshop Sep 04 Joining up Transport ticketing Application Transport ticketing Application Traveller Information Traveller Information Other applications Other applications Card independence - a ‘family of cards’ Card independence - a ‘family of cards’ Issues / Opportunities Issues / Opportunities card sharing / costs…. card sharing / costs…. Cross fertilisation (specification, commercials, security & testing) Cross fertilisation (specification, commercials, security & testing) Infrastructure roll out... Infrastructure roll out... Transport ticketing Application Transport ticketing Application Traveller Information Traveller Information Other applications Other applications Card independence - a ‘family of cards’ Card independence - a ‘family of cards’ Issues / Opportunities Issues / Opportunities card sharing / costs…. card sharing / costs…. Cross fertilisation (specification, commercials, security & testing) Cross fertilisation (specification, commercials, security & testing) Infrastructure roll out... Infrastructure roll out...

24. US Workshop Sep 04 IFM model applied in Norway

25. US Workshop Sep 04 The IFM - Use Cases

26. US Workshop Sep 04 Use Case Descriptions Use Cases describe a toolbox for the ‘functional’ implementation of IFM systems. Use Cases describe a toolbox for the ‘functional’ implementation of IFM systems. 38 separate Use Cases cover the following areas: 38 separate Use Cases cover the following areas: Certification Certification Registration Registration Management of Application Management of Application Management of Product Management of Product Security Management Security Management Customer Service Management Customer Service Management Use Cases describe a toolbox for the ‘functional’ implementation of IFM systems. Use Cases describe a toolbox for the ‘functional’ implementation of IFM systems. 38 separate Use Cases cover the following areas: 38 separate Use Cases cover the following areas: Certification Certification Registration Registration Management of Application Management of Application Management of Product Management of Product Security Management Security Management Customer Service Management Customer Service Management

27. US Workshop Sep 04 Product lifecycle in the system Certification & Registration Certification of Product Specification & Template Registration of Product Template Dessemination of Product Template Registration of Product Regular and Forced Termination of Product Template

28. US Workshop Sep 04 Example Use Case

29. US Workshop Sep 04 Interfaces

30. US Workshop Sep 04 Interfaces within IFM Information flow through IFM Information flow through IFM Two types - Two types - interfaces to general IFM functions [registration and security] interfaces to general IFM functions [registration and security] interfaces between entities in the IFM interfaces between entities in the IFM Examples….. Examples….. Information flow through IFM Information flow through IFM Two types - Two types - interfaces to general IFM functions [registration and security] interfaces to general IFM functions [registration and security] interfaces between entities in the IFM interfaces between entities in the IFM Examples….. Examples…..

31. US Workshop Sep 04 Thank you David Sentinella david.sentinella@dft.gsi.gov.uk david.sentinella@dft.gsi.gov.uk

32. US Workshop Sep 04 Potential Barriers Common fare structure - competition law issues Common fare structure - competition law issues potential for incompatibility between multiple business cases from different providers potential for incompatibility between multiple business cases from different providers Ability to organise numerous organisations Ability to organise numerous organisations Integration perceived winners and losers Integration perceived winners and losers Operators use wide range of old equipment and non computerised processes Operators use wide range of old equipment and non computerised processes eMoney regulations eMoney regulations Senior executive knowledge base Senior executive knowledge base Investment by small operators, specifically with regard to back office development Investment by small operators, specifically with regard to back office development Common fare structure - competition law issues Common fare structure - competition law issues potential for incompatibility between multiple business cases from different providers potential for incompatibility between multiple business cases from different providers Ability to organise numerous organisations Ability to organise numerous organisations Integration perceived winners and losers Integration perceived winners and losers Operators use wide range of old equipment and non computerised processes Operators use wide range of old equipment and non computerised processes eMoney regulations eMoney regulations Senior executive knowledge base Senior executive knowledge base Investment by small operators, specifically with regard to back office development Investment by small operators, specifically with regard to back office development