1. Deforestation & Water Quality within the Panama Canal Watershed By Aaron O'Connor

2. A Point to Ponder ? An full grown Corotu tree can take up to 125 gallons of water from the soil per day.

3. Why is this important? Source: Mira Flores Locks Museum

4. What are the effects of the water quality in the Panama Canal Watershed caused by deforestation and changes in precipitation in land use expansion? ????????

5. How I Developed My Question: Visiting the Mira Flores Locks Going to the Smithsonian and experiencing the wildlife diversity first hand Developing a better understanding of CATHALAC's purpose Sharing and conversing with teammates to help question evolve Seeing first hand the low intensity unplanned urban development

6. How To Answer This Question? Make an Anomaly & Severity of the Panama Canal Watershed A depiction of elements (temperature, precipitation,and soil content) that effect the watershed using recorded trends and personal observations Consideration of variable factors that could effect the watershed. (deforestation, amount of precipitation in the DEM) A depiction of the soil run-off content that impacts the water quality (zinc, iron, nitrogen, phosphates, total dissolved solids (TDS) and the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR)

7. Data and Maps Used: Temperature and precipitation data DEM and Panama Canal Watershed maps Soil content data and land use map N-SPECT Factors determining the calculations outcome Raining Days 100,85 Sustainable development B2,A2 Low intensity development growth of 25% (unplanned urban development) *All determining factors of calculation are based on my interpretation of the climate change index of Panama

8. Provides projections and maps of surface water runoff volumes, pollutant loads, pollutant concentrations, and total sediment loads * Land use * Elevation * Soil * Rainfall factor * Precipitation * Coefficients N-SPECT

9. Precipitation Runoff / Points of Interest * Elevation * Rainfall factor * Precipitation

10. 2020 2050 2020 Rainy Days 100 Sustainable development B2,A2 2050 Rainy Days 85 Sustainable development B2,A2 Growth of 25% (low intensity development) Based on the impacts of climate change using “Business as Usual ”

11. Taking Action Water management system to manage excess water accumulation and control consumption /metering (wet & dry season) Hydrometeorologic stations to control and measure flow of water to canal (flood, rainwater, and washout) Panama Canal Authorities conduct regular pollution control programs (maintain water quality control)

12. Taking Action (continued) Use of filtration plants to guarantee quality water for consumption CICH (Interinstitutional Commission on the Panama Canal Watershed) to conserve and manage natural resources in the canal watershed (prevention of deforestation and unplanned developed areas)

14. Thank You  Joel Perez  Eloisa Dutari  Lilian Suarez  Betsy Hernandez  Roxana Segundo  Valerie Garrish  Mr. G “aka” Poncho  CATHALAC  IAGT  Cayuga Community College  UA Huntsville  USAID  Amy Work  Nate Krose  Eric Anderson  Africa Flores  John Flores  Emil Cherrington  Francisco Delagado