1. A Comparison of Measures and Policies to Prevent Alcohol Problems among Youth across Canadian Provinces Stephanie Simpson, Ashley Wetlauffer, Norman Giesbrecht, Mark Asbridge, Robert Mann, Andrew Murie

2. Alcohol Consumption and Harm among Youth Young Canadians aged 15-24 years – More likely to adopt risky drinking practices – Elevated rates of alcohol-related problems

3. Risk Practice: Exceeding National Low-Risk Drinking Guidelines Maximum Daily – Men: 3 standard drinks – Women: 2 standard drinks – Exceeded by 17.9% aged 15-24 vs. 11.9% aged 25+ (CADUMS, 2013) Maximum Weekly – Men: 15 standard drinks – Women: 10 standard drinks – Exceeded by 24% aged 15-24 vs. 17.6% aged 25+ (CADUMS, 2013)

4. Risk Practice: Drinking and Driving Motor vehicle crashes leading cause of death among youth aged 15-24 years (MADD, 2013) Alcohol involved in 50% of these cases (MADD, 2013) 12 – 20% of grade 12 students drove within an hour of drinking (CCSA, 2011)

5. Objective To compare Canadian provinces across three alcohol policy and program dimensions demonstrated to effectively reduce alcohol-related problems among 15-24 year olds

6. Strategies to Reduce Alcohol-Related Harms and Costs across Canada: A Comparison of Provincial Policies - Giesbrecht et al. (2013) 10 Evidence-based Dimensions – Pricing – The System of Alcohol Control – Physical Availability – Drinking and Driving – Marketing and Advertising – Legal Drinking Age – Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral – Server & Manager Training/Challenge & Refusal Programs – The Provincial Alcohol Strategy – Warning Labels and Signs

7. Methods Indicators developed for each dimension Scoring – Population reach (i.e. Scope) – Impact – Extent (%) to which province attained ideal

8. Drinking and Driving Licensing Conditions (5 Points) Suspend & Revoke (3 Points) Vehicle & Remedial (2 Points) Total Score (10 Points) % of Ideal BC0.63.01.55.251.7% AB0.60.71.12.524.6% SK0.41.6 3.636.2% MB1.71.61.34.645.9% ON1.71.81.44.949.2% QC0.40.21.52.020.4% NB1.51.00.02.525.4% NS0.51.60.93.029.8% PEI0.61.4 3.534.5% NL0.51.20.72.424.1% Mean0.91.41.23.434.2%

9. Legal Drinking Age Legislated Age (5 Points) Off-premise Enforcement (3 Points) On-premise Enforcement (2 Points) Total Score (10 Points) % of Ideal BC3.0 2.08.080% AB2.03.02.07.070% SK3.0 2.08.080% MB2.03.02.07.070% ON3.0 2.08.080% QC2.03.01.06.060% NB3.0 1.07.070% NS3.0 2.08.080% PEI3.0 2.08.080% NL3.0 2.08.080% Mean2.73.01.87.575%

10. Server and Manager Training In Place (1 Point) Quality (2 Points) Enforced (2 Points) Total (5 Points) % of ideal BC0.80.52.03.365% AB0.82.00.02.855% SK0.01.50.0 1.5 30% MB1.00.0 1.020% ON1.00.50.01.530% QC0.01.00.01.020% NB0.01.00.01.020% NS0.80.50.01.325% PEI0.81.50.02.345% NL0.00.52.02.550% Mean0.50.90.41.836.0%

11. Challenge and Refusal Programs In Place (1 Point) Quality (2 Points) Enforced (2 Points) Total (5 Points) % of ideal BC1.01.52.04.590% AB1.02.00.03.060% SK1.01.50.02.550% MB1.02.0 5.0100% ON1.02.0 5.0100% QC1.01.52.04.590% NB1.0 2.04.080% NS1.02.0 5.0100% PEI1.02.0 5.0100% NL1.01.52.04.590% Mean1.01.71.64.386%

12. Consolidated Provincial Scores across Three Dimensions

14. Discussion Alcohol-related harm a preventable burden to Canadian society Consider options to improve harm reduction efforts – Strengthen existing policies – Enact new policies targeting youth Best implemented within comprehensive approach (see Giesbrecht et al., 2013)

15. Contact Information Norman Giesbrecht, Ph. D. Senior Scientist Emeritus Social & Epidemiological Research Dept. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health 33 Russell St. Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2S1 Phone: (416) 535-8501 ext. 36895 email: norman.giesbrecht@camh.ca Acknowledgement: This project was funded by Canadian Institutes of Health Research and with in-kind support from the investigators’ institutions.