2. 1 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 TITLE: HRPD RL Enhancement Proposal SOURCE: Farooq Khan (+1 973 386 5434) Email: fkhan1@lucent.com Lucent Technologies grants a free, irrevocable license to 3GPP2 and its Organizational Partners to incorporate text or other copyrightable material contained in the contribution and any modifications thereof in the creation of 3GPP2 publications; to copyright and sell in Organizational Partner's name any Organizational Partner's standards publication even though it may include all or portions of this contribution; and at the Organizational Partner's sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part such contribution or the resulting Organizational Partner's standards publication. Lucent Technologies is also willing to grant licenses under such contributor copyrights to third parties on reasonable, non-discriminatory terms and conditions for purpose of practicing an Organizational Partner’s standard which incorporates this contribution. This document has been prepared by Lucent Technologies to assist the development of specifications by 3GPP2. It is proposed to the Committee as a basis for discussion and is not to be construed as a binding proposal on Lucent Technologies. Lucent Technologies specifically reserves the right to amend or modify the material contained herein and to any intellectual property of Lucent Technologies other than provided in the copyright statement above. ABSTRACT: This contribution presents a proposal for HRPD RL Enhancement. RECOMMENDATION: Discuss and Adopt

3. HRPD RL Enhancement Proposal Lucent Technologies April 28, 2003

4. 3 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Burst Transmission Mode Achieves peak data rate of 4Mb/s. –RL capacity comparable to FL capacity resulting in a symmetric system. –Allows service providers to offer new services. Low latency improves the QoS for Internet applications. –The packet transmission time is one slot (1.67ms) compared to 26.67ms in the current system. –The application throughput on the FL also improves thanks to low round-trip times. Graceful Evolution of the HRPD standard –Burst mode is fully backward compatible allowing service provider networks to transition in a smooth, low cost, and faster to market manner.

5. 4 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Burst Mode – Key features Slot-synchronized slot-orthogonal RL transmissions. Very high Rise-over-Thermal (RoT) allowed during high- speed burst transmission –A single mobile within a sector transmits at very high power –Highly simplified scheduling and resource allocation: No need to accurately measure the total received power or Rise- over-Thermal (RoT) etc. Achieves maximum gains from techniques already used on the FL: –Base station controlled fast scheduling, Hybrid ARQ and adaptive modulation and coding (AMC): With burst mode, RL structure and operation become similar to the FL structure and operation.

6. 5 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Illustration of Burst Mode RoT during PC slots is controlled (as in the current systems) in order to guarantee sufficient coverage and capacity.

7. 6 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Modes of operation Power controlled (PC) mode: –Autonomous data transmission uses PC mode. –PC mode is also used for physical layer control signaling The pilot, DRC and ACK etc. are carried in the PC slots. The RACH channel is also carried in the PC slots. The RL power control is performed at 150Hz (for 4 PC slots per frame case). Burst Mode: –Burst mode is used to perform very high data rate (in most cases at max mobile power) transmissions. Total resource (i.e. 26.67ms frame) can be partitioned between PC mode and Burst mode transmissions. –The resource partitioning can be static or configurable dynamically.

8. 7 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Burst data rates Time multiplexed burst pilot in each slot, serves two purposes; –channel estimation for demodulation and decoding of the traffic information –channel quality estimate of the current transmission that allows to select an appropriate rate for any other transmissions to the same user.

9. 8 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 PC Mode Data Rates In the above Table, PC frame size is assumed at 26.67ms as in the current system. Shorter frames in the PC mode are under study.

10. 9 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 An example of PC Frame Transmission

11. 10 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 AT-AN control signaling (1)

12. 11 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 AT-AN signaling (2) In case where inband signaling is not decoded due to HARQ retransmission, the scheduler can either schedule retransmissions or new transmissions based on previously received signaling information.

13. 12 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Control Timing TPC Latency: 4 slots (e.g. pilot measured in slot 3, TPC sent on FL slot 5, power updated in slot 7) Scheduling (rate selection) latency: 4-7 slots AT Processing Time to form a subpacket: >1.5-slot (2.5ms)

14. 13 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 RL control signaling RL control signaling consists of 4-bits of buffer status information (BUFF_INF) and 4-bits of reverse pilot channel transmit power (R-PICH PWR) Total of 8-bits control information is carried inband as part of the encoder packet i.e. control information is CRC protected and coded together with the encoder packet. Note that the AT always transmit at the rate indicated by the AN. Therefore, no rate indication information is carried on the RL. Inband signaling of QoS information under study.

15. 14 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 RL control overhead

16. 15 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Scheduling grant signaling (1) Each active AT is allocated a unique MACIndex (AT ID): –Indicate if a particular AT has been scheduled for RL packet transmission (can be the same as TPC MACIndex). –Carried in two 64 chips MAC bursts immediately preceding the pilot burst Rate Indication (RI) and HARQ control information (56 combinations) is carried in two 64 chips MAC bursts immediately following the pilot bursts: –The MACIndex 8 to 63 are used for RI+HARQ. –MAXIndex 4 is used for RAB indication (as in the current standard) Scheduling grant structure using coding under study –For example, AT ID, rate indication and HARQ control information can be coded and CRC protected and transmitted over multiple 16-ary (or 64-ary) Walsh codes in the MAC bursts of the FL slot.

17. 16 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Scheduling grant signaling (2) In variable rate burst mode operation, AT ID length is 128 chips (2 bursts of 64 chips). Autonomous operation not requiring scheduling grants can be allowed for the disadvantaged users. Fixed rate operation can also be allowed for disadvantaged users. In this case 256 chips in a slot can be used as AT ID. Slots containing TPC bits and scheduling grants are orthogonal in time. New ATs will not look for TPC bit in the slots designated for scheduling grants and vice versa. Legacy ATs with TPC MACIndex the same as the new scheduled AT MACIndex or RI+HARQ MACIndex can interpret scheduling grant as TPC bit. Since only two TPC MACIndices (AT ID and RI+HARQ control) can be active in a slot containing scheduling grant, this will have negligible impact on power control operation for legacy ATs. DRCLock Channel is carried in slots orthogonal to slots carrying scheduling grants.

18. 17 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 ACK Channel Operation Multilevel ACK/NACK is used in order to simultaneously ACK/NACK up to 3 encoder packets For legacy ATs, ACK reliability during a burst slot is guaranteed by appropriately setting the ACKChannelGain public data of the Forward Traffic Channel MAC Protocol

19. 18 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Signaling overhead - observations Minimum signaling and control overhead in order to support burst mode: –Approximately 1% RL overhead –No additional FL overhead (small degradation due to 150Hz RL power control) Signaling and control optimized to reduce delays –Up to date buffer information available at the base station scheduler Every encoder packet carries buffer update information Backward compatible control structure –The new and legacy ATs coexist on the same carrier

20. 19 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Simulation Assumptions Inline with 1xEV-DV evaluation methodology –3-sector 19-cell, Wrap-around –Channel mix etc. 10 users with Full buffers HARQ based on incremental redundancy –SHO gain not assumed i.e. ACK/NACK from the serving cell only HARQ in SHO is understudy All users are scheduled in burst mode –No autonomous transmissions assumed Simulations results for the hybrid case where some users are allowed to transmit in the PC mode as well will be provided later on.

21. 20 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Simulation parameters

22. 21 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Rate Selection We assume that the BS has knowledge of: –Background noise, N 0 : In burst mode, background noise can be measured by leaving a slot empty in all the sectors in the system. This measurement need to be performed rarely because the background noise does not change over short periods of time. –RL channel gain (including shadow and fast fading) The RL channel gain can be estimated either by using the R-PICH transmit/receive power information or using the TDM pilot (only applies if there was a previous transmission to the same user). The received E c /N 0 is calculated assuming that the mobile transmit at the allocated power (maximum of 200mW) A margin,  dB is subtracted from E c /N 0 The rate is then selected by link curve look-up: –The selected rate is the maximum rate that would “provide” 1% or lower FER at ( E c /N 0 -dB.

23. 22 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Burst Mode power allocation Burst power allocation allows to control the total received RoT thus avoiding any impact on legacy transmissions. Two options –Static power allocation Max burst transmit powers are set at the time of call setup based on long-term path loss (can be estimated by e.g. pilot measurements) –Dynamic power allocation Burst power is allocated through the scheduling grant message based on the instantaneous channel gain (including fast fading) The simulation results presented in this document are for static power allocation only.

24. 23 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Capacity, RoT and E c /N t E c /N t RoT Note that Target is set without accounting for the other-cell interference.

25. 24 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 MS Transmit PWR CDF 23dBm

26. 25 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 CDF of Normalized User Throughputs System becomes fairer as the target RoT is lowered. This is due to the fact that lowering target RoT results in the small spread of received powers across users.

27. 26 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Rate selection probability Actual rates after HARQ retransmission(s) can be smaller

28. 27 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Backward compatibility In the presence of legacy users, burst transmission power can be allocated such that the total RoT does not exceed the specified target –e.g. RoT should be below 7dB 99% of the time. DRC from legacy users can be operated in the Gated mode making sure that the DRC transmission only happen in the PC slots. –Maximizes the burst mode TDM gain

29. 28 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Further optimizations Burst and control strategy: –New mobiles are allowed to transmit at a higher RoT even if the slot is used by legacy transmission(s). –Quality for legacy transmissions is guaranteed by increasing the outer loop PC threshold to compensate for the loss in energy due to higher RoT Burst transmission. Interference cancellation –A single Burst user (strongest and known user) can be detected and cancelled from the overall signal in the same sector. Scheduler and rate selection optimization –For example, rate specific margins

30. 29 C30-DOAH-20030428-015 Summary Burst Mode meet and exceed CDG SRD requirements (>2.4 Mb/s peak data rate and >600Kb/s capacity in 1.25MHz bandwidth). Burst mode provides significant improvements in RL capacity. –The RL capacity becomes comparable to FL resulting in a symmetric system. –Allows service providers to offer new services. Burst mode provides a fully backward compatible solution –New Burst mode and legacy mobiles coexist on the same carrier.