1. Quick Quiz Religious Ethics

2. Divine Command Theory Who was Socrates arguing with who first proposed the Divine Command Theory? a) Theatetus b) Alcebiades c) Isosocrates d) Plato e) Euthyphro 2

3. Divine Command Theory The central problem of the Divine Command Theory is, it makes what is right and wrong, good and bad __________ a) too restrictive. b) mysterious. c) arbitrary. d) unpleasant. e) religious. 3

4. Aquinas Aquinas identifies the end-directedness of nature that Aristotle recognized with a) The light of nature that illumines morality b) The love of nature that guides kindness c) God’s purposes for human beings d) God’s traits or perfections e) The theistic concept of ‘entelechies’ 4

5. Aquinas The word ‘natural’ in Natural Law refers to a) Human Nature b) God’s Nature c) Our sinful nature d) Our divine nature e) Nature or God’s creation 5

6. Aquinas The word ‘law’ in Natural Law refers to a) God’s commands b) Man’s rules c) Physical regularities d) Psychic regularities e) The world system 6

7. Aquinas We cannot pursue the good directly, according to Aquinas, because a) It is unappealing to sinners b) It is obscured by concern for happiness c) It is “abundant” or everywhere equally d) It is “abstract” or not findable in space and time e) It is God, and no one can see God 7

8. The Problem of Evil The problem of evil is … a) How can God prevent evil? b) How can God permit us to do evil? c) How can God exist given that evil exists? d) How can God do evil? e) How much evil will God allow? 8

9. The Problem of Evil The conclusion of the argument from evil says a) No God exists b) No God is good c) No God is powerful d) No all-good, all-powerful God exists e) No all-knowing God exists 9

10. The Problem of Evil Why can’t God just restrain evil-doers? a) Because God is not that powerful b) Because God cannot look on evil, and so cannot know who does evil c) Because God promised everyone, including evil people, freedom d) Because then no one’s actions would be morally significant e) Because restraining evil-doers is wrong 10

11. The Problem of Evil The problem with claiming evil is just a lack of goodness is … a) Everyone knows evil exists b) Evil is necessary for moral development c) Fighting evil is the whole reason for religion d) ‘Lack of goodness’ works just as well in the argument e) It is insulting to folks who’ve experienced evil 11

12. The Problem of Evil The theistic response to the fact that there are possible worlds where creatures have free will but do right all the time is: a) That is not a fact b) Those worlds are boring c) If creatures don’t sin, why would we need God? d) God can’t create those worlds, only creatures can e) Freedom implies disobedience 12

13. The Problem of Evil In the argument, unnecessary evils are those evils that … a) Are consequences of our free choices b) We can easily do without c) We call ‘natural evils’, like earthquakes and tornados d) Arise from mistakes and misunderstandings e) The devil and his demons produce 13

14. The Problem of Evil The trouble with probabilistic arguments from evil is: a) All probability is subjective b) We can’t establish any associations between God and evil c) Probability only results in opinion, not knowledge d) Probability only works in mathematics, not religion e) There is no trouble; that is the argument that works 14

15. Answer Key 2E, 3C, 4C, 5A, 6A, 7D, 8C, 9D, 10D, 11D, 12D, 13C, 14B 15