1. Folie 1 Sustainability Criteria for Biomass – Implementation in Germany P resentation by Dr. Hans-Jürgen Froese, Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection BIOMASS FUTURES project, 30 th November 2010, Berlin Wilhelmstraße 54 Tel.: +49 1888 / 529 - 3390 10117 Berlin, Germany Fax: +49 1888 / 529 - 4968

2. 2 RES share 2020 18 %

3. 3 14% 5,0 Mio. ha 6 % 2,1 Mio. ha 29 % 10,5 Mio. ha 18% 6,3 Mio. ha 33% 11,8 Mio. ha Urban areas, traffic, etc. Arable land Grassland others Forest Agricultural land-use in Germany Arable land Forest

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5. 5 Sustainability Discussion RED – Sustainability Criteria Legal framework in Germany Rules and procedures for proof and control Future challenges

6. 6 RED 2009/28/EC (Art. 17 -19) Sustainability Criteria Minimum GHG-emission savings of 35% compared with fossil fuels, from 2017 of 50% and from 2018 of 60% (new installations starting from 2017) For installations that were operational in January 2008, the minimum GHG-Emission savings of 35% does not apply until 1 April 2013 No raw materials from nature conservation areas or from land with high biodiversity or land with a high carbon stock (status check: January 2008) Economic operators required to use a mass balance system

7. 7 Implementation of RED Sustainability Criteria in Germany RED Biomass Electricity Ordinance (BioSt-NachV) 24 August 09 Biofuel Sustainability Ordinance (Biokraft-NachV) 2 November 09 Legal Technical Rules for Recognition of Certification-Systems and Certification Bodies (10 December 09) Legal Technical Rules for the Recognition of Certification-Systems and Certification Bodies (12 March 2010) Guideline for Technical Implementation, publ. by BLE 5th February 2010

8. 8 The german approach is based on: Private certification systems Private certification bodies The BLE as competent national authority for recognition and control Implementation of RED Sustainability Criteria in Germany

9. 9 © Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung

10. 10 Basic structure of the national system The interfaces of this system (first enterer, oil mill, refinery where relevant) are audited by certification bodies and receive a certificate valid for 1 year. Certified interfaces must be monitored at least once a year (and within 6 months after the first issue of a certificate). Documentation of sustainability verification can only be issued by the last interface in the value-added chain (oil mill or refinery). This documentation accompanies the consignment to the plant operator with the last supplier having to confirm that the biomass supplied has been entered into a mass balance system.

11. 11 Change of Transitional regulations Both, the Biomass Electricity Sustainability Ordinance and the Biofuels Sustainable Ordinance include a transitional provision which rules: Protection of legitimate expectations concerning the 2009 harvest Stored biomass can be used until 30 June 2010 without provision of evidence Regulations amended. Cabinet decided on 2 of June 2010: Amendment of biofuels-sustainability ordinance postponing obligatory application of sustainability scheme to 1 of January 2011. Reasons:Mainly, more time is needed for certification-process, prevent temporary market distorsions and shortages

12. 12 Where are we now - implementing the biomass- sustainability certification? ISCC-system as the first certification system recognised by BLE the 18 of January 2010 – another system (REDCert) has been recognized the 2 of June 2010 24 Certification bodies recognised (by end of October 2010) Consequence of latest legal amendments: =Certification processes could/should be accelerated =effective disposable timeframe shorter than it seems (2010 harvest and production processes have to be included) Other member states ?? Implementation generally not before 2011 Commission Communications dealing with technical rules for implementation of RED-Sustainability criteria published 19.06.10

13. 13 Actual problems /difficulties of Implementation Certification of agricultural traders and oil mills needs more time Certification of small holders seems to be to expensive Therefore: Introduction of a special treatment of small holders by mid November 2010 =Smallest oil mills or traders which have a yearly trade or elaboration volume of up to 250 t (solid Biomass or equivalent fluid biomass) get a Certificate valid for 5 years =Small oil mills or traders which have a yearly trade or elaboration volume of up to 500 t (solid Biomass or equivalent fluid biomass) get a Certificate valid for 3 years (instead of 1 year for all others) Market Availability of sustainably produced biomass could be a problem in Germany in the short run (i.e. beginning of 2011), therefore some options to adapt the implementation procedure are currently being discussed.

14. 14 Future Challenges for Biomass Prod. and Sustainability National Renewable Energy Action Plan (agreed on July 2010) = contains strategies and measures how to reach the objective of a 18%-share of renewables in total energy consumption = further growth in bioenergy needed: in total we calculated a need of 1.400 Petajoule (PJ) in 2020 (compared to 888 PJ in 2008 - (growth of approx. 60%), of which: -1.000 PJ could be covered by domestic biomass, (500 PJ from forest-biomass, 400 PJ from agriculture and 100 PJ from wastes) -400 PJ have to be covered by future biomass-imports

15. 15 Future Challenges for Biomass Prod. and Sustainability Longterm National Energy Concept (decided by Cabinet on 28 September 2010) Main Objectives of the Concept: GHG-reduction of 80% until 2050 (compared to 1990-levels) Increase of Renewables-Share in Total Energy Consumption from 10% actually to: =18% in 2020, 30% in 2030, 45% in 2040 and 60% in 2050 Medium prolongation of operation of nuclear power plants = 12 years

16. 16 Future Challenges for Biomass Prod. and Sustainability Longterm National Energy Concept (Cont.) Main Objectives of the Concept: Reduction of Total Primary Energy Consumption (compared to 2008-levels): =of 20% until 2020 =of 50% until 2050 This means: Efficiency Increase of 2,1% per year especially through energy saving measures in buildings and in transport Reaching these targets requires investments of around 20 billion Euros per year

17. 17 Future Challenges for Biomass Prod. and Sustainability Longterm National Energy Concept (Cont.) Consequences for Biomass / Bioenergy: Bioenergy remains the most important renewable energy source in 2050 (60% of renewables and 30% of total primary energy consumption must be generated by biomass) Compared to 2008-levels, bioenergy has to be increased by the factor 2.5 (reaching 2.200 PJ) Assuming future 20% biomass-imports, leads to 1.760 PJ domestic biomass use in 2050

18. 18 Future Challenges for Biomass Prod. and Sustainability National Energy Concept (Consequences for Biomass): Necessary domestic biomass cannot be obtained by simply expanding energy plant production, because an additional need of 760 PJ (on top of the estimates for 2020) would require additional 4,1 mill. ha energy plant-area (not available) Without measures to considerably increase domestic biomass potential (better plant varieties, optimizing agro and forest cultivation systems to obtain higher energy yields, etc.) and without further biomass imports, objectives will hardly be reached.

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