1. 1 Mapping of the Airspace Systems Program to the JPDO NGATS 2025 Capability Requirements Presentation to the ARAC Airspace Systems Program Subcommittee Robert A. Jacobsen, Program Manager John A. Cavolowsky, Dep. Prog. Mgr for Technical Integration August 4, 2005

2. 2 Primary Purpose of the Analysis To understand the degree of alignment between the ASP to the NGATS Curb-to-Curb capabilities requirements. - This is a “bottoms up” mapping. To assist in realigning and reprioritizing the ASP to be more fully supportive of the JPDO. - This is a work in progress.

3. 3 ASP/NGATS Observations ASP is reviewing its activities relative to NGATS requirements. –Much of NASA’s current and proposed research is directly relevant to the NGATS concepts even though the vocabulary may not appear so. The core of the ATM process in the future NGATS concept is the “evaluator concept.” –This is a direct derivative of the Traffic Flow Management/Strategic Management activities underway and planned by ASP. –Shared responsibility and controller human factors are key research elements. Not all ASP research is directly targeted to NGATS, but most of it is. –Analysis of promising automation concepts and technology to take forward for further development and demonstration in support of NGATS/JPDO goals and objectives. –Prototype software that can be extended for operational demonstration of transformed NAS operations. ASP’s TNAS program augmentation is focused on the longer term concepts of strategic ATC/ATM.

4. 4 Highly integrated & automated Highly integrated & automated ATM system Level of System Capability Individual DST Development for Focused Applications Integration of DSTs for more Efficient Operations New Transformational Operations & Advanced Capabilities in Specific Airspace Domains Seamless Mixed- Operations Across Airspace Domains Near TermFar Term Decision support tools to operate within today’s framework NAS Transformation New Ways of Operating to Meet New Needs for Air Mobility

5. 5 Mapping and Analysis Observations Many R&D activities map to many NGATS 2025 capability requirements. –Current project portfolio is not organized to provide clearly understandable applicability to NGATS 2025. We have conducted several ASP mapping analyses. –NGATS 2025 Capabilities PRIMARY –Agile Air Traffic System IPT Action Plan –ASP independent R&D requirements assessment How does this help to restructure ASP project elements? –An alignment with a functional architecture may be a better approach.

6. 6 JPDO C2C Capabilities Network-Enabled Information Access Performance-Based Services Layered, Adaptive Security Weather Assimilation into Decisions Broad-Area Precision Navigation Aircraft Trajectory-Based Operations “Equivalent Visual” Operations Expanded Airport Operations with “Super Density”

7. 7 Sample JPDO C2C Expanded Capabilities Net-Enabled Information Access

8. 8 Sample Detailed Mapping of ASP Projects to C2C Capabilities

9. 9 Top Level Mapping of ASP Projects to C2C Capabilities 1.Net-enabled information access Space-Based Technology –Mobile Communications Network Architecture –Integrated CNS Infrastructures: Aviation Spectrum; Global Ground/Air Network –Future Communication Study: Next Generation Communications; Global Interoperability –Satellite Based CNS: Satcom for Enroute Efficient Aircraft Spacing –Airborne Separation: Autonomous Flight Management C2C Capabilities Related ASP Projects & Sub-projects

10. 10 Top Level Mapping of ASP Projects to C2C Capabilities 2.Performance-based services Space-Based Technology –Satellite Based CNS: Oceanic CNS Strategic Airspace Usage –Collaborative Traffic Management Efficient Aircraft Spacing –Airborne Separation: Enhanced Oceanic Operations UAV in the NAS C2C Capabilities Related ASP Projects & Sub-projects

11. 11 Top Level Mapping of ASP Projects to C2C Capabilities 3.Layered, adaptive security 4.Weather assimilated into decisions 5.Broad-area precision navigation Out of ASP Scope Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation –System Level Integrated Concepts: Operational Concepts; All Weather Concepts, System-wide blended Concept Spaced-Based Technology –CNS Technology: Advanced CNS Technologies C2C Capabilities Related ASP Projects & Sub-projects

12. 12 Top Level Mapping of ASP Projects to C2C Capabilities 6.Aircraft trajectory-based operations Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation –System Level Integrated Concepts: System Wide Optimization, Advanced Airspace Concept, Point-to-Point, Surface Operation Automation Research Concept, Terminal Area Capacity Enhancing Concept, All Weather Concept, System-wide Blended Concept Strategic Airspace Usage –Oceanic Tailored Arrivals –System-wide Evaluation and Planning Tool Efficient Flight Path Management –Advanced Routing: Integrated Trajectory Management; Tactical Conflict Detection and Resolution –Enroute Descent Advisor –Multi-facility Traffic Management Efficient Aircraft Spacing –Shared Separation: Trajectory Oriented Operations with Limited Delegation C2C Capabilities Related ASP Projects & Sub-projects

13. 13 Top Level Mapping of ASP Projects to C2C Capabilities 7.“Equivalent visual” operations Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation –System Level Integrated Concepts: Operational Concepts; Point-to- Point Automated Airports, Surface Operation Automation Research Concept, Metron Surface concept, System-wide Blended Concept Satellite-Based Technologies –Integrated CNS Infrastructures: Transitional Architecture Small Aircraft Transportation System –Higher Volume Operations –Lower Landing Minima Efficient Aircraft Spacing –Airborne Precision Spacing –Autonomous Flight Management C2C Capabilities Related ASP Projects & Sub-projects

14. 14 Top Level Mapping of ASP Projects to C2C Capabilities 8.Expanded airport operations with “Super Density” Virtual Airspace Modeling and Simulation –System Level Integrated Concepts: Point-to-Point, Wake Vortex Avoidance System, Terminal Area Capacity Enhancing Concept, System-wide Blended Concept Strategic Airspace Usage –Oceanic Tailored Arrivals Efficient Flight Path Management –Enroute Descent Advisor –Multi-facility Traffic Management Efficient Aircraft Spacing –Wake Vortex Solutions –Shared Separation: Trajectory Oriented Operations with Limited Delegation C2C Capabilities Related ASP Projects & Sub-projects

15. 15 Alignment Results: Areas of Good Alignment By the numbers, ASP alignment with NGATS 2025 Capabilities is strong. 46 of 52 ASP Projects/Sub-Projects align directly to a C2C capability Most projects/sub-projects that do not align directly to a C2C capability are required to support other ASP projects that in turn directly support the C2C Capabilities. For example: VAMS VAST sub-project (ACES) Human Measures and Performance Difficult to determine the extent of achievement of the capability Further definition of functional elements needed to evaluate

16. 16 Alignment Results: Potential Areas for Augmentation (examples) Net-enabled information access Ground to ground information sharing Performance-based services Multiple levels of service Allow flexibility to varying situations and needs Performance-based standards for cooperative surveillance and communication Broad-area precision navigation Satellite-based navigation primary for en route and terminal area Basis for cooperative surveillance and reduced separation standards Alternatives to GPS/GNSS for primary means of precision navigation Aircraft Trajectory Based Operations 4D trajectories for the basis for planning and execution of aircraft operations in the airspace and on the surface Common 4D geo-spatial information system Dynamic Airspace design Determination of the appropriate incremental insertion of tomorrow’s 4D planning and evaluation into today’s system Determination of responsibilities between aircraft operators and service providers Mission criticality and backup requirements Super Density Operations Reduced runway occupancy time Two aircraft on runway simultaneously

17. 17 ASP Independent R&D Requirement Assessments ASP needed to begin identification of JPDO NGATS requirements in advance of JPDO agendas (for agency budget planning activities). ASP initiated two efforts to identify R&D needs stemming from earlier forms of JPDO planning documents –Agile ATS Action Plan –Earliest NGATS Architecture and Block-to-Block Capabilities Interesting and consistent results, but not straight forward to use for program restructure.

18. 18 Example of AATS IPT Derived Research Req’ts Area: Explore 4D traffic flow management concepts Scope and Characteristics: o Gate-to-gate conflict free 4D trajectories and 4D contracts including separation assurance o Integrated with SUA, TFR, and Homeland Security requirements Determine the stability over time, of iterations of negotiated, optimal, conflict free trajectory contracts in various domains. Determine how to accommodate the ability of various aircraft types and capabilities to meet 4D contracts. Determine the allowable variance in meeting 4D contracts. Determine how to monitor compliance with 4D contract. Determine the feasibility and policy implications of guarantees of service based on meeting 4D contracts. Determine the utility and role of time-based metering at all major terminal areas. Determine capabilities achieved over a look ahead range of 330 days to 20 minutes Determine the role for 4D trajectory management in specialized airspace (e.g., super high airspace; skyways)

19. 19 Key Categories of Research from NGATS Architecture and Block-to-Block Capabilities Optimizer/Evaluator Research CNS Research Human Factors Research Vehicles Security Airspace Structure SWIM Surface Operations Weather Flight-deck Situational Awareness Wake Vortex Affordable Avionics Policy

20. 20 Optimizer/Evaluator Research Profile generation/algorithm software development –Planning for optimizing all future 4D Trajectories Sequencing Separation –Optimizing all active 4D Trajectories in real time (with respect to user needs) –Accounting and predicting of the impact of weather –Accounting and predicting the impact of system capacity and demand at any instant of time Ground In-flight –Accounting for aircraft performance Information Management Capability –Database management Data Sources and availability Data fusion Information exchange formats Accessibility Latency –Manner in which user interaction occurs Automatic user interaction/negotiation –Pre-flight –In-flight –System Robustness and Security Fault management –Transition strategies –Quality Assurance Operational metrics

21. 21 CNS Research Optimized GNSS –Total satellite system design to support concept (GPS IV) Numbers, performance, avionics, etc, etc ADS-B system –Affordable avionics and ground system Digital Communications –System choice concept, modulation, frequency, security. Spectrum, International acceptance, compatibility Affordable avionics and ground system Transition Planning –Facilities Manned, Unmanned Ground based, space based –Mixed equipage Information display and I/O processes

22. 22 Human Factors Management By Exception Operations –Human and automation interaction/roles and responsibilities –Workload for pilot and controller –Strategy to recover from partial and full system problems/failures –Identify attributes/characteristics/capabilities of future controllers Situational awareness and information display needs and systems to support the controller, pilot, airlines, public, users, etc. –Ground based –Flight planning –In-flight Preflight and in-flight processes for interacting with users –Information flow, timeliness, display, and processes –Automatic filing/negotiation Decision Support Tools –Cockpit –Service providers –Other users Transition Fault management Facilities –Number, kind and distribution

23. 23 Alignment with a functional architecture may be a better approach

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25. 25 Backup Material