1. Ancient Egypt: Geography

2. Timeline Old Kingdom 2650 BC – 2134 BC
Middle Kingdom BC – 1550 BC
New Kingdom BC – 1295 BC

3. Three Kingdoms of Ancient Egypt1
Three Kingdoms of Ancient Egypt
OLD KINGDOM
MIDDLE
KINGDOM
NEW KINGDOM
Pharaohs organized a strong central state, were absolute rulers, and were considered gods.
Egyptians built pyramids at Giza.
Power struggles, crop failures, and cost of pyramids contributed to the collapse of the Old Kingdom.
Large drainage project created arable farmland.
Traders had contacts with Middle East and Crete.
Corruption and
rebellions were
common.
Hyksos invaded and occupied the delta
region.
Powerful pharaohs created a large empire
that reached the Euphrates River.
Hatshepsut
encouraged trade.
Ramses II expanded Egyptian rule to Syria.
Egyptian power
declined.

4. Geography Egypt is located in northeastern Africa
The Nile River runs the length of the country flowing south to north
The river begins in the mountains of Africa and empties into the Mediterranean Sea
The climate is hot and dry, part of the Sahara Desert

6. Geography
Ancient Egypt was divided into two regions: Upper and Lower Egypt
Lower (northern) Egypt consisted of the Nile River's delta made by the river as it empties into the Mediterranean.
Upper Egypt was the long, narrow strip of ancient Egypt located south of the Delta.

9. The Nile River The Nile was the lifeblood of ancient Egypt
It made life possible in the otherwise barren desert of Egypt.
It is the longest river in the world (over 4,000 miles).
It served as a source of food for the people of ancient Egypt
It was the major source of water for bathing and drinking
The Nile was crucial for farming

12. Blue Nile

13. White Nile

14. White & Blue Nile Meet in Sudan

15. Floodplain

16. Floodplain
The low strip of fertile land located on either side of the Nile River
The river flooded during the annual inundation
When the inundation subsided, it left the earth soaked and overlaid with a fresh layer of black silt.
Most of the farming occurred here

17. Nile Delta
Located in northern Egypt where the Nile River spreads out and empties into the Mediterranean Sea
240 km of coastline, 106 km in length
Rich agricultural region
Most fertile soil in Africa

19. Facts About the Nile River
Length
4,184 miles
2 Sources
Lake Victoria, Uganda (White Nile); Lake Tana, Ethiopia (Blue Nile)
Mouth
Mediterranean Sea, off Egypt
Countries Flows Through
Egypt, Sudan, Uganda, Ethiopia, Zaire, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi
Name Origin
Greek word Nelios, which means "River Valley"

20. Bordered on the south, east and west by the Sahara Desert, and on the north by the sea, ancient Egypt was protected from outside influences.

21. Great Sahara Desert

23. Pyramids

24. The Great Sphinx