1. ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER Further explained

2. Comorbidities  CD  ODD  MMR LD ADHD PDD-NOS HFA  PKU  CHT

3. Developmental pathway  depression/anxiety  Childhood Adulthood ADHD  impulsivity CD  Core symptoms persist  MPH treatment

4. DIAGNOSTIC MEASURES  Questionnaires  (Semi) Structured Interviews   DIAGNOSIS BY HEARSAY  PARENT + TEACHER  Third observational condition??

5.  Important cognitive theories

6.  response inhibition hypothesis Barkley (1997) Psychological Bulletin, 121, 65-94 65-94 (frontal) paper and pencil tests (frontal) paper and pencil tests  delayed responding tests  stop task

7. Delayed response test Profile control child  trial time in seconds after stimulus 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  1 x  2 x  3 x  4 x  5 x  6 x  7 x

8. Profile child with ADHD  trial time in seconds after stimulus 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  1 x  2 x  3 x  4 x  5 x  6 x  7 x

9. Delay Aversion Theory Sonuga Barke et al. (1992) - Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 33, 387-398 Sonuga Barke (2002) - Behavioural Brain Research, 130, 29-36

10. extra effort no extra effort optimal state non-optimal state Performance  Actual state vs. required (target) state – effort allocation Theory of state regulation

11. Signal rate

12. extra effort no extra effort optimal state non-optimal state Performance  Actual state vs. required (target) state – effort allocation Theory of state regulation Physiological costs Heart rate variability P300 amplitude fMRI

13.   NRT is a neural sheet draped over the lateral/anterior aspects of the thalamus   NRT is the functional interface between the arousal and attention systems   Receives axonal collaterals from corticothalamic, thalamocortical and reticular formation projections Nucleus Reticularis Thalami Portas et al. 1998, J. of Neuroscience, 18

14. Go No-Go test

15. ERPs  Tracking of covert information processing  Excellent temporal resolution  More direct assessment of energetic mechanisms