1. Class Project Report Sustainable Air Quality, EECE 449/549, Spring 2008 Washington University, St. Louis, MO The Carbon Footprint of Danforth Campus and its Causality Drivers Instructors: Professor Rudolf B. Husar, Erin M. Robinson In collaboration with WUSTL Sustainability Office See also a 5 min screencast and more details on the class wikiscreencastclass wiki Students: Devki Desai Martin Groenewegen Tyler Nading Kate Nelson Matt Sculnick Alyssa Smith Varun Yadav

2. Energy Use: Buildings and Transportation The impact on carbon arises from on-campus energy use and from transportation On Campus Energy Use Students Heating Cooling Appliances Faculty/Staff Transportation Commuting Air Travel University Fleet

3. On Campus Fuels Footprint Electricity Footprint

4. Sustainable Development Development with Due Care of the Environment Systems approach: linking human activities and their consequences in closed loop Each component depends on its causal upstream driver – and external forcing The causal loop can be used as an organizing principle for sustainability analysis Systems (Causality) Loop

5. Student, Faculty Staff Population Building Area Per Student Space –Teaching, research needs –Comfort? Actual and Forecast Building Area Building Area/Student Student Pop x Area/Student Projected Building Area New since 1990

6. Energy Demand Actual and Forecast Building Area Actual and Forecast Energy Demand Building Energy Efficiency –Building Design –Appliances –Usage Pattern Projected Energy Use/ Area Area x Energy Use/Area Energy Use

7. Carbon Footprint Actual and Forecast Carbon Footprint Actual and Forecast Energy Demand Carbon Emissions Factor –Fuel Mix –Energy Waste –Sequestration Projected Emission/ Energy Use Energy Use x Emission/Energy Use Emission

8. Danforth Campus Carbon Footprint 1990-2005

9. Carbon Footprint Causality Projections

10. Population - Energy/Goods Consumption– Materials Flow - Emissions Industr. Energy Transp. Energy ResCom.Engy Electric Energy CO2 NOx HC PM Goods &Energy,(GE) iFuels&Mater.(FM), j Emission (EM), k Ind. ChemicalsIndustr. Goods Pop., P Metals SOx a i Consump./Person b ij Fuels/Energy c jk Emission/Fuel- Industrial Prod. Transportation ResComercial EconMeasure(EM) Coal Oil Gas

11. Science Models – Do they Match? Social Work Model Causality Model

12. Carbon Footprint: Multi-Science Approach Biological, Social Physical-Eng. Sciences Social-Behavioral Science Sciences

13. On the Carbon Systems Model Model is a tool, not an answer A map for the activities and connections A map for placing stakeholders A container of disciplinary models

14. Possible Activities? WU Carbon Footprint (Actual, Observations) –Transportation Carbon –(Electric) Energy Usage –Real-time monitoring Carbon (Causality) Systems Model –Multi-science approach –Tool for testing ideas on Campus Carbon

15. Causality: Linear System Model

17. Sustainable Development – Causality Loop Economic Development with Due Care of the Environment Systems approach: linking human activities and their consequences in closed loop Each component depends on its causal upstream driver – and external environment The causal loop can be used as an organizing principle for sustainability analysis

18. 1960- Aerosol Science (Coagulation, Bimodal Distribution) 1970- Atmospheric Science (Transport, Chemistry, Removal Processes) 1980- Atmosphere Biosphere Interactions (NAS Report) 1990- Earth Transformed by Human Action (Cambridge) 2000- Sustainability Exploration –1998- Industrial Metabolism (UN University) –1998-WUSTL Class - Sustainable Air Quality/Informatics 2010- Sustainability Multiple Perspectives, Minds –Disciplinary, Synthesizing, Creating, Respectful, Ethical –Concrete???

19. Systems Biology a paradigm, usually defined in antithesis to the so-called reductionist paradigm, although fully consistent with the scientific method. The distinction between the two paradigms is referred to in these quotations:paradigmreductionistscientific method Systems biology is a biology-based inter-disciplinary study field that focuses on the systematic study of complex interactions in biological systems, thus using a new perspective (integration instead of reduction) to study them... to discover new emergent properties that may arise from the systemic view in order to understand the entirety of processes that happen in a biological system.biological systemsintegrationreduction

20. 2007-2008 Population Distribution Distance within 150 miles to WashU considered for analysis. Faculty/StaffStudents