1. Chapter 22
Speaking to Inform

2. Speaking to Inform What does a speech to inform do? (Pg 187)
What careers/jobs require informative speaking skills

3. Speaking to Inform Goals of Informative Speaking
To enhance Understanding
Occurs when message is accurately interpreted
Words & nonverbal are often misunderstood
To maintain interest
Goal will fail if listeners are bored/not focused
Audiences listen to what:
Affects them, adds to their knowledge
Satisfies curiosity, Entertains them

4. Speaking to Inform Goals of Informative Speaking To be remembered
One day after hearing a presentation
Audiences remember ____ % of what they were told
Two days after presentation
To enhance recall use
Organization
Redundancy – internal & final summaries
Relate message to listeners interests

5. Speaking to Inform Types of Informative Speeches
Classified by the subject they cover
Speech about an object
Anything tangible (Something seen or touched)
Time limits determines amount of detail
Organizational structures
Topical, Chronological, Spatial

6. Speaking to Inform Speech about procedure Explains how something works
Circulatory system, How grapes become wine
Use of word “how”
Many procedure speeches include visual aids
Showing how to do something is more effective than telling them

7. Speaking to Inform Speech about a person
Key to effective biographical speech
Don’t try to cover every detail of subjects life
Focus on specific aspects
Career
Personality
Accomplishments
Significant life features
Current Athletes or celebrities will not be accepted for the informative person speech

8. Speaking to Inform Speech about major event
Where were you at on Sept 11th 2001
Major event can form a fascinating informative speech
An event you have witnessed or researched
What are major events you can identify?
Make the event come alive
Use vivid details & emotion to help visualize the event
Organize for Effect
Most events use chronological structure
May also be topical
Civil War

9. Speaking to Inform Types of Informative speeches Speech about ideas
More abstract than other info speeches
Freedom of Speech
Evolution
Islam
Most idea speeches are organized topically

10. Speaking to Inform Strategies to enhance audience understanding
Ways to enhance someone's knowledge or understanding
Speak with clarity
To express ideas so that the listener understands the intended message accurately

11. Speaking to Inform Enhancing audience understanding Message Clarity
Preview main points in introduction
Tell listeners how content relates to previous point
Frequently summarize key ideas
Provide visual outline to help listeners follow
Provide any handouts prior to speech
Stay on message
Don’t present too much info too quickly

12. Speaking to Inform Strategies to enhance audience understanding
Clarify complex processes
Use analogies/comparisons
Give “big picture” before giving details
Describe the process
Who, what, when, where, why
Use word pictures
There are many ways to do this
Review (pg 191)

13. Speaking to Inform Strategies to enhance audience understanding
Use principles and techniques of adult learning
Adult learners like to
Be give information that can be used immediately
Have active involvement in the learning process
Connect their life experiences with the new information
Know how new information is relevant to their needs and lives
Are problem oriented learners

14. Speaking to Inform Strategies to enhance audience understanding
Use effective visual reinforcement
Research on learning styles shows
Listeners remember ideas reinforced with visual aids
Pictures
Graphs
Posters
Audiences like visual messages
Television
Internet

15. Speaking to Inform Strategies to Maintain Audience Interest
Before you can inform, you must gain interest
Establish motive
If given motivation audience will listen
Boss says "Your job depends on this info"
Teacher says "This test will be 50% of your grade"
Tell a story
Characters & plots fascinate listeners
A good story
Includes conflict, Incorporates action
Creates Suspense, May incorporate humor

16. Speaking to Inform Present information that relates to your listeners
An effective audience centered speaker means
Being aware of information audience can use
Won’t share information that will bore or disinterest audience
What are some informative topics that may relate to or interest this class

17. Speaking to Inform Strategies to enhance audience recall
Build in redundancy (pg 194)
Writers usually don’t repeat
Readers can reread
Speakers
Should repeat key points
Pace information flow
Evenly discuss main points & details
Avoid many details for one point & few for others
Use support to clarify info new to audience
Present info for audience to grasp

18. Speaking to Inform Strategies to enhance audience recall
Reinforce key ideas verbally
Use phrases to reinforce ideas
“This is the MOST IMPORTANT point”
“Be sure to REMEMBER this next point”
These will help audience recall information
Avoid overuse of this technique
(don't tell audience every point is important)

19. Speaking to Inform Strategies to enhance audience recall
Reinforce ideas nonverbally
Nonverbal can signal importance
Gestures
Accent or emphasize key phrases
Pauses
Can emphasize the information that is between the pauses
Movement
Can help emphasize major ideas or information presented