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Facilities Management and Design

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Presentation on theme: "Facilities Management and Design"— Presentation transcript:

1 Facilities Management and Design
Chapter 8 Lighting Systems

2 Basic lighting terms Visible light ROY G BIV Color rendition Lumen
Illumination Footcandles

3 Light sources Natural light (sunlight) Common artificial light sources
inexpensive and can contribute much to overall lighting needs drawbacks solar heat gain glare fading and physical deterioration of fabrics Common artificial light sources incandescent lamps electric discharge lamps

4 Incandescent lamps Advantages Disadvantages Types
instant starting and restarting low in cost good color rendition Disadvantages short lifetime poor efficiency high operating cost adds heat to building Types Conventional rough service or vibration Tungsten reflector

5 Electric discharge lamps
Advantages longer lifetimes higher efficiency low operating cost Disadvantages slow starting and restarting higher cost poorer color rendition Types Fluorescent mercury vapor metal halide high- and low-pressure sodium

6 Lighting system design elements
Light levels determined by the tasks or activities that will take place within a space light levels measured by portable light meters; Illuminating Engineers Society, Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, and the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers recommend minimum light levels building area method vs. space-by-space method dimming controls

7 Lighting system design elements
Luminaires Components Lamps lamp sockets ballasts (for electric discharge lamps) reflective material lenses or louvers Housing visual comfort probability coefficient of utilization

8 Lighting system design elements
Color rendition color of light affects appearance of surfaces, finishes, furnishings, etc. color rendering index Safety lighting system must comply with local safety codes all luminaires need adequate ventilation, clearance, and proper wattage acryllic diffuser or tube safety shield for some lamps in some locations (kitchens, for example) insufficient light glare widely varying light levels can be hazards Emergency lighting must comply with local codes, which are often based on the Life Safety Code and the National Electrical Code a delay of no more than ten seconds is permitted exit signs

9 Lighting system maintenance
Cleaning replace HVAC filters to cut down on dust semi-annual cleaning destaticization Replacement incandescent lamps replaced more often than fluorescents lumen depreciation group replacement vs. replacement upon burnout old lamps and ballasts must be disposed of properly recycling of fluorescent lamps and ballasts available in some areas

10 Conservation opportunities
Efficient lighting Control operating hours Replace incandescents with fluorescents when possible Turn off lights when not needed EMS methods Microprocessors/computer systems photocell control ultrasonic or infrared sensors twist timers


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