1. MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

2. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF CELL DIVISION?
MITOTIC CELL DIVISION
CREATE “IDENTICAL” OFFSPRING
ONLY ONE PARENT CELL
MEIOTIC CELL DIVISION
CREATE SIMILAR, BUT DIFFERENT, OFFSPRING
REQUIRES TWO DIFFERENT PARENT CELLS
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

3. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
WHY HAVE TWO DIFFERENT FORMS OF CELL DIVISION?
WHY NOT JUST HAVE EVERY CELL BE “IDENTICAL” TO EVERY OTHER CELL?
IN ORDER TO MAKE “DIFFERENT” CELLS, GENETIC MATERIAL NEEDS TO BE COMBINED IN DIFFERENT WAYS…HENCE, MEIOTIC CELL DIVISION
MEOISIS  GAMETOGENESIS  FERTILIZATION
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

4. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND MEIOTIC CELL DIVISION, WE HAVE TO UNDERSTAND A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT THE GENETIC INFORMATION FOUND IN CELLS
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

5. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
ALL LIVING THINGS HAVE DNA, THE BLUEPRINTS FOR LIFE, WHICH IS STORED INSIDE THE NUCLEUS IN SOME SET NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES (THIS # IS DIFFERENT FOR DIFFERENT LIVING THINGS)
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

6. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
HOW MANY CHROMOSOMES DO HUMANS HAVE?
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

7. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
IN ORDER FOR SEXUAL REPRODUCTION TO OCCUR, TWO PARENT CELLS MUST COMBINE…BUT YOU CAN’T CHANGE THE TOTAL CHROMOSOME NUMBER IN THE CELL
THEREFORE, SOMETHING HAS TO HAPPEN TO KEEP THE SAME CHROMOSOME NUMBER AT ALL TIMES
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

8. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
DIPLOID VS HAPLOID CELLS
MOST BODY (SOMATIC) CELLS ARE DIPLOID
CONTAINING THE FULL AMOUNT OF DNA
SEX CELLS (GAMETES) ARE HAPLOID
CONTAINING HALF THE AMOUNT OF DNA
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

9. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
WHY DO YOU NEED HAPLOID CELLS?
SO WHEN THEY COMBINE, THE CORRECT CHROMOSOME NUMBER IS RESTORED
WHAT IS THE HAPLOID NUMBER IN HUMANS? 23
WHAT DO HAPLOID CELLS LOOK LIKE IN HUMANS?
SPERM AND EGG
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

10. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
HOW DO HAPLOID CELLS GET MADE?
MEIOTIC CELL DIVISION!!!
MEIOSIS IS ALSO CALLED REDUCTION-DIVISION
LET’S BREAK DOWN THE STAGES OF MEIOSIS
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

11. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
MITOSIS VS MEIOSIS
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

12. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
WHAT’S THE POINT OF MEIOTIC CELL DIVISION?
TO MAKE CELLS THAT CAN BE COMBINED TO CREATE NEW GENETIC COMBINATIONS IN OFFSPRING CELLS
WHY BOTHER WITH NEW GENETIC COMBINATIONS?
THE PROCESS OF COMBINING THESE SEX CELLS IS CALLED SEXUAL REPRODUCTION (THE FUSION OF GAMETES)
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

13. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
IN BACTERIA AND PROTISTS
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

14. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN ANIMALS
ANIMALS POSSES REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS
SPECIALIZED STRUCTURES (GONADS) THAT PRODUCE GAMETES
MALE VS FEMALE
HERMAPHRODITE
GAMETOGENESIS
SPERMATOGENESIS
OOGENESIS
FERTILIZATION
INTERNAL VS EXTERNAL
PARTHENOGENESIS
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

15. MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE SPERM AND EGG FUSE?
FERTILIZATION
ANIMAL (EMBRYONIC) DEVELOPMENT IS NEXT!!
MEOISIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION