1. The long path of the English Language

2. Indo-European and Germanic influences Indo-European family: -Latin and The Modern Romance languages; -The Germanic languages; -The Celtic languages; -… Father-vater;pater;pitr

5. Sub-groups of Germanic: -East Germanic; -North Germanic; -West Germanic. English belongs to the Germanic group of languages

7. Old English

8. Main Invasions (500-1100 AD) The Angles, Saxons and Jutes (5 th and 6 th centuries AD) The Vikings (around 850) The Norman Conquest (around 1100)

9. Influences on the Language The invaders pushed out the original Celtic-speakers to Scotland, Wales, Cornwall and Ireland. Celtic languages survive today in the Gaelic languages of Scotland and Ireland and in Welsh, though Cornish is now a dead language. Only about one sixth of the Old English words have survived to this day. About half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots (for example: be, water, strong).

10. The Norman conquest and Middle English

11.  Invasion of England in 1066 AD by the Normandy’s Duke.  Growing influence of Latin.  Some French and Germanic influences in Middle English.  The mixture of Anglo-Norman and Old English formed Middle English.  Around 1500 AD, the Modern English rose. The Norman conquest and Middle English

12. EARLY MODERN ENGLISH (1500-1700) Sónia, Inês Oliveira, Sofia, Marco, Maria Eduarda and Marisa, 12º1

13. Renaissance

14. Shakespeare's influence

15. Major factors

16. Late Modern English (1800-up to the present)

17. Late Modern English (1800-up to the present) Main difference: vocabulary; Historical factors:  Industrial and scientific Revolution:  Created a need for neologisms  Latin + Greek + English roots  Most visible in the fields of eletronics and computers.

18.  Rise of the Bristish Empire:  Introduced English to the world  Virtually every languages has contributed to its development  Two world wars:  big military influence on the languages

19. Late-Modern English

20. American English

21. Creation: Year 1600 AD ; Settlement of English colonies in North America. “Americanisms” are British words that colonies continued to use unlike Britain. Examples: –Fall-Autumn ; –Trash-Rubbish; –Loan-Lend

22. American English introduced: Native American words (Mississippi; Roanoke; Iowa; Racoon; Tomato; Canoe; Savanna; Hickory) Indian sounding words (Idaho)

23. Louisiana; Goober; Gumbo; Mustang; Vigilante. The influence of… Spanish, French and African languages