1. Basic Service & Settings pmli

2. Basic Service e.g. http, ftp, etc.

3. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 3 Most Common Flow 1.Install  Package, ports and tar-ball 2.Configuration  Program specified config file  rc.conf 3.Startup 4.Maintenance after installation of a service rc.conf: used for booting process

4. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 4 Configuration Files (1/3)  Local-installed programs’ configuration files can be found in /usr/local/etc Daemon → program-name.conf  dhcpd.conf user-program → program-namerc  wgetrc  tinrc  Default config file usually installed with.sample or.default suffix dhcpd.conf.sample or different suffix for different purpose php.ini-dist php.ini-recommended copy before use it We got sample files accompanied! Location of files And naming convention

5. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 5 Configuration Files (2/3)  A program with many config files are usually located in /usr/local/etc/program-name/ apach22 postfix  Most config files have clear comment at the beginning or before each description  Most popular styles name value name = value Read documents to know each option’s meaning Example: proftpd.conf # Port 21 is the standard FTP port. Port 21 # To prevent DoS attacks, set the maximum # number of child processes to 30. ….. MaxInstances 30 Put into dir. if more than one file Configuration files with comments inside and consistent naming convention

6. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 6 Configuration Files (3/3)  Some with local effectiveness Markup language-like setting-for-this-path… Samba 、 rsync [xxxx] settings… [yyyy] settings…. Settings for specific conditions…

7. RC Script Scripts for starting/stopping a service

8. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 8 RC Script  Dependency between each service is described in header of the script  Rcorder is used to find out dependency ordering of each script  Each rc script define what to do when start/stop …  /etc/rc.subr defines what to do & check before/after start stop …. Automatically starting and… Dependency!! Dependency!!

9. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 9 How to use rc script(1/2)  Example ntpd >/etc/rc.d/ntpd Usage: /etc/rc.d/ntpd [fast|force|one](start|stop|restart|rcvar|status|poll)  After booting… (rc.conf) Pidfile: Record (master) process id of the service  Start / Stop / Restart (Start after stop)  Rcvar Display which rc.conf variable are used to control the startup of service Ex: ntpd_enable=“YES” Usage of RC script on a service: Take ntpd as an example Display settings in rc.conf – you can’t start a service without setting Enable to “YES”

10. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 10 How to use rc script(2/2)  Status Check the service is running or not  Reload Reload configuration file if the service support  [One | fast | force] One  set rcvar = yes  Start the service even if XXXX_enable=NO Force  Set rcvar = yes and Fast  Skip pid check Force a service to run… (skip rc.conf check) (skip pid check)

11. Computer Center, CS, NCTU 11 Local installed service  After install a service by ports, ports will display This port has installed the following startup scripts which may cause these network services to be started at boot time. /usr/local/etc/rc.d/pure-ftpd  Use path-to-rcscript rcvar command to know which variable should set to “YES” to enable this service  For further information, read comments from that script # Add the following lines to /etc/rc.conf to enable pure-ftpd: # # pureftpd_enable="YES" # # For launch uploadscript daemon define # pureftpd_upload_enable="YES" # pureftpd_uploadscript="/full/path/to/launch_script"