1. Cold Weather Camping Chris Gaffney & David Gaffney

2. Surviving the Cold Dress in Layers Check the Weather Adjust for Conditions Ensure Equipment is Properly Maintained Plan Ahead

3. Hypothermia Core Body Temperature drops, shivering Combination of Temperature and time Moisture is your enemy First Aid – Heater if available – Warm liquids – Change out of wet clothing – Sleeping Bag with another person – Fire

4. Frostbite Exposed areas of the body freeze First cold, then loss of feeling, eventually affected area dies First Aid – Warm affected areas slowly – Get out of wet clothes – Encourage blood flow

5. Hydration Keep hydrated Burning more calories, therefore using more water Dehydration not obvious

6. COLD WEATHER EQUIPMENT

7. Sleeping Bags Key Concerns – Temperature Rating Appropriate to climate conditions http://www.phdesigns.co.uk/techtemp.php? – Cost Variation: $50-1900 – Construction Quality – Fit of Sleeping Bag – Weight – Type of Materials The Sleeping Bag is Your Best Friend Liner

8. Sleeping Pad Types: – Air Mattress – Closed Cell Foam – Insulated Make Sure you pick the right type of pad for the temperature R-Value: Temperature Rating Insulated Sleeping pads have a higher R-value

9. Transportation Snowshoes Cross Country Skis Dog Sleds Crampons Snowmobiles

10. Tents 3 season vs 4 season Single Wall Double wall Rigidity vs weight Colors Chimney?

11. Stoves and Food Gas Stoves don’t work as well as liquid fuel stoves You will burn through more fuel per day Your caloric intake needs to be higher than normal

12. Misc. Equipment Ice Axes Emergency Shovels GPS Beacon

13. COLD WEATHER CLOTHING

14. Baselayers Should be made of moisture wicking fabrics NO COTTON Absolutely NO COTTON. Traps heat close to the body Dense Thick Material Fabrics: Silk, Wool, Synthetics Tops, Bottoms, Socks

15. Mid Layers Mad out of Medium Density Fabrics NO COTTON Absolutely NO COTTON. Fabrics: Synthetics, Fleece, Wool, Down Creates pockets of Warm Air

16. Boots Should be waterproof Try tying laces with gloves on Wear at least 2 pairs of heavy winter socks when trying on to ensure a proper fit Insulation is not necessary, but it is welcomed Gaiters are great to keep out the snow

17. Outer Layers Windproof Waterproof NO COTTON Absolutely NO COTTON. Fabrics: any clothing with a waterproof/windproof finish. Water Resistant DWR finish vs Waterproofing

18. Accessories Hat Gloves Mittens: wear over gloves in extreme cold Face Mask Sunglasses/Goggles: Extremely Important with snow and Ice