1. Chapter 21 Clickers Conceptual Integrated Science Second Edition © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Ecology

2. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. A group of individuals of a single species that lives in a specific area is called a(n) a)ecosystem. b)family. c)population. d)community.

3. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. A group of individuals of a single species that lives in a specific area is called a(n) a)ecosystem. b)family. c)population. d)community.

4. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following would be a community-level question in ecology? a)Which organisms are producers on an African plain? b)Which males in a species of woodpecker mate with the females? c)How does heavy rainfall affect the survival and reproduction of living things in Yosemite National Park? d)How do amphibians in the Appalachian mountains respond to pollution?

5. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following would be a community-level question in ecology? a)Which organisms are producers on an African plain? b)Which males in a species of woodpecker mate with the females? c)How does heavy rainfall affect the survival and reproduction of living things in Yosemite National Park? d)How do amphibians in the Appalachian mountains respond to pollution?

6. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following situations is most likely to result in exponential growth? a)Introduction of a small population of trout to a lake without predators or competitors b)Overstocking trout in a lake c)Disease spreading through a population of trout d)Introduction of trout into a lake with many predators

7. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following situations is most likely to result in exponential growth? a)Introduction of a small population of trout to a lake without predators or competitors b)Overstocking trout in a lake c)Disease spreading through a population of trout d)Introduction of trout into a lake with many predators

8. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. What is carrying capacity? a)The ideal number of individuals or population density in a habitat b)The usual number of individuals or population density the habitat supports c)The minimum number of individuals or population density the habitat can support d)The maximum number of individuals or population density the habitat can support

9. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. What is carrying capacity? a)The ideal number of individuals or population density in a habitat b)The usual number of individuals or population density the habitat supports c)The minimum number of individuals or population density the habitat can support d)The maximum number of individuals or population density the habitat can support

10. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. A blue whale is an example of a)a species with Type I survivorship. b)a species with Type II survivorship. c)a species with Type III survivorship. d)a species that can vary its life history strategy based on environmental conditions.

11. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. A blue whale is an example of a)a species with Type I survivorship. b)a species with Type II survivorship. c)a species with Type III survivorship. d)a species that can vary its life history strategy based on environmental conditions.

12. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. In the 21 st Century, human population size is expected a)to begin a slow decline. b)to grow more and more quickly. c)to continue to grow, but more slowly than in the past. d)to crash.

13. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. In the 21 st Century, human population size is expected a)to begin a slow decline. b)to grow more and more quickly. c)to continue to grow, but more slowly than in the past. d)to crash.

14. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. During a demographic transition, a)death rates decline first, followed by birth rates. b)birth rates decline first, followed by death rates. c)birth rates decline, but death rates stay the same. d)death rates and birth rates decline simultaneously.

15. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. During a demographic transition, a)death rates decline first, followed by birth rates. b)birth rates decline first, followed by death rates. c)birth rates decline, but death rates stay the same. d)death rates and birth rates decline simultaneously.

16. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. What role do hummingbirds play in a food chain? (Hint: They eat nectar made by plants.) a)Producers b)Primary consumers c)Secondary consumers d)Decomposers

17. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. What role do hummingbirds play in a food chain? (Hint: They eat nectar made by plants.) a)Producers b)Primary consumers c)Secondary consumers d)Decomposers

18. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. What form of symbiosis benefits one species of an interaction while having no effect on the other? a)Mutualism b)Parasitism c)Symbiosis d)Commensalism

19. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. What form of symbiosis benefits one species of an interaction while having no effect on the other? a)Mutualism b)Parasitism c)Symbiosis d)Commensalism Explanation: Commensalism is a form of symbiosis that benefits one species of an interaction while having no effect on the other. Mutualism benefits both species. Parasitism benefits one species at the expense of the other.

20. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which biome is warm, moderately dry, grassy, and tropical? a)Tundra b)Coniferous forest c)Chaparral d)Savanna

21. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which biome is warm, moderately dry, grassy, and tropical? a)Tundra b)Coniferous forest c)Chaparral d)Savanna

22. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following describes a habitat where a river joins an ocean? a)Intertidal zone b)Estuary c)Coral reef d)Benthic zone

23. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following describes a habitat where a river joins an ocean? a)Intertidal zone b)Estuary c)Coral reef d)Benthic zone

24. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following biogeochemical cycles relies on bacteria to convert an element to usable form? a)Nitrogen cycle b)Water cycle c)Carbon cycle d)Phosphorous cycle

25. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following biogeochemical cycles relies on bacteria to convert an element to usable form? a)Nitrogen cycle b)Water cycle c)Carbon cycle d)Phosphorous cycle Explanation: In order for living organisms to make use of nitrogen, it has to be converted into usable form. Living organisms rely on bacteria to accomplish this transformation.

26. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. True or false?: The amount of organic matter in an ecosystem is its primary productivity. a)True b)False

27. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. True or false?: The amount of organic matter in an ecosystem is its primary productivity. a)True b)False Explanation: The amount of organic matter in an ecosystem is its biomass.

28. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. In an energy pyramid, there is less energy at the top of the pyramid because a)not all the organisms at one level of the food chain are eaten by organisms at the next level of the food chain. b)energy is lost to the environment as heat as organisms go about their activities. c)some energy is lost in feces. d)all of the above.

29. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. In an energy pyramid, there is less energy at the top of the pyramid because a)not all the organisms at one level of the food chain are eaten by organisms at the next level of the food chain. b)energy is lost to the environment as heat as organisms go about their activities. c)some energy is lost in feces. d)all of the above.

30. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Every chemical reaction involves a)maintaining body systems. b)losing energy to the environment. c)the destruction of a small amount of matter. d)all of the above.

31. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Every chemical reaction involves a)maintaining body systems. b)losing energy to the environment. c)the destruction of a small amount of matter. d)all of the above.

32. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which species can survive with few nutrients and little existing organic matter? a)Climax community species b)Pioneer species c)Native species d)None of the above

33. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Which species can survive with few nutrients and little existing organic matter? a)Climax community species b)Pioneer species c)Native species d)None of the above

34. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. According to the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, a)regular disturbances limit biodiversity by destroying habitat. b)regular disturbances encourage the invasion of nonnative species. c)regular disturbances, if not too extreme, actually contribute to biodiversity. d)all of the above.

35. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. According to the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, a)regular disturbances limit biodiversity by destroying habitat. b)regular disturbances encourage the invasion of nonnative species. c)regular disturbances, if not too extreme, actually contribute to biodiversity. d)all of the above.