1. Chapter 17 Review
Properties of Matter

2. Properties of Solids Density
Amount of matter in a certain amount of space (density = mass  volume)
Refers to how closely atoms or molecules are packed together
A substance is most dense in the solid phase and least dense in the gaseous phase
EXCEPTION: WATER!!

3. Properties of Solids Hardness Brittleness Elasticity Malleability
Tensile strength

4. Density of Fluids
A substance in liquid form is less dense than in the solid form (except water)
Liquids layer themselves according to density
Layered solution lab
Why NOT to put out a grease fire with water

5. Buoyancy of Fluids
Buoyancy – measures the upward pressure a fluid exerts on an object
Archimedes’ Principle – the force exerted on an object in a liquid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
All fluids do NOT exert the same buoyant force on an object

6. Buoyancy of Fluids Buoyant force > object’s weight = floats
Buoyant force < object’s weight = sinks
Buoyant force = object’s weight = neither sinks nor floats

7. Buoyancy and Fluids
The more fluid the object displaces, the greater the buoyant force on it (and more likely it is to float)

8. Charles’s Law
When the temperature of a gas increases, its volume also increases (and when the temp decreases, the volume decreases)
When the air inside a basketball gets warm, it takes up more space
When the air inside the ball gets cold, it takes up less space

9. Boyle’s Law
When the pressure of a gas increases, its volume decreases (and when the pressure decreases, its volume increases)
When a bottle of pop is opened, the compressed gas inside spreads out, taking up all the space available

10. Viscosity of Fluids
Viscosity – measure of the material’s resistance to flow
Depends on the size and shape of the molecules
Does NOT depend on density

11. Viscosity of Fluids
For liquids, viscosity decreases when temperature increases
For gases, viscosity increases when temperature increases