1. Transition From Analog to Digital Broadcasting Adam Knight EE Student University of Utah October 1, 2009

2. Outline Why go to digital? How it works Multi-casting with a multiplexer More on multiplexers Future research

3. Why Go Digital? Improved quality of picture and sound Smaller Bandwidth Requirement Consistency of signal Companies want the extra analog bandwidth Money  The U.S. Government made $20 billion auctioning off the 700 MHz band in Jan 2008

4. How it works Analog data is transferred bit-by-bit Digital data can be compressed MPEG-2  Reduces bit transmission by ratio of 55:1  Only sends changes

5. How it works Analog data is transferred bit-by-bit Digital data can be compressed MPEG-2  Reduces bit transmission by ratio of 55:1  Only sends changes

6. Multi-Casting with a Multiplexer Sending multiple transmissions over the same line Does so by using a multiplexer(mux) and decoder Sending multiple transmissions over the same line Does so by using a multiplexer(mux) and decoder Sending multiple transmissions over the same line Does so by using a multiplexer(mux) and decoder

7. Multi-Casting with a Multiplexer Sending multiple transmissions over the same line Does so by using a multiplexer(mux) and decoder Sending multiple transmissions over the same line Does so by using a multiplexer(mux) and decoder Sending multiple transmissions over the same line Does so by using a multiplexer(mux) and decoder

8. More on Mulitplexers Built with logic AND, OR and NOT gates Chooses signal based on control gates and clock

9. Future Research Compression Schemes Multiple Broadcasts of HD Stations Interactive Televisions Cell Phone Transmission

10. Contact Information Adam Knight adam.knight@utah.edu References http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/consumer-electronics/standards/britain-mulls-over- digital-radio, accessed 9/23/09. http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/wireless/taking-apart-the-700mhz-wireless- spectrum-auction, accessed 9/23/09. http://www.pbs.org/opb/crashcourse/digital_v_analog, accessed 9/23/09. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplexer#Digital_multiplexers, accessed 9/23/09.