1. Industrialization

2. What did business leaders & social critics argue regarding government’s role in business? People should be self-reliant, government should not interfere with business Business was more powerful than the individual, government needed to protect workers & society

3. How did business change? Got bigger more complex more mechanized more powerful

4. Factors fueling industrial development... Railroads immigration abundant natural resources technology

5. Geography’s effect... abundant natural resources water transportation farm land to provide food room to grow

6. Industrial growth in the U.S. 1860 first rate powers -- Britain, France, Germany U.S. a second rate industrial power by 1890 in first rate group WE ARE #1!!! MORE THAN OTHERS COMBINED

7. 6. How much growth? from a 3 rd rate industrial power to the #1 power in the world!

8. Heroes: Real & Imagined... Andrew Carnegie John D. Rockefeller J.P. Morgan Horatio Alger

14. What do the wealthy owe to society?

15. The Gilded Age Theory or MovementMain Idea Social Darwinism Survival of the Fittest Laissez-FaireNo Government Interference in Business Gospel of Wealth The wealthy use philanthropy to create conditions that help people help themselves RealismPortray the World Realistically

16. Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth 1889 The wealthy had a right to make money, and a responsibility to spend it properly The Millionaire he argued should be a: “trustee for his poorer brethren, bringing to their service his superior wisdom, experience, and ability to administer, doing for them better than would or could for themselves”

17. Social Darwinism Social Darwinism Based on Darwin’s theory of “Survival of the Fittest” Biggest proponent of this theory was William Graham Sumner, Yale professor “Millionaires are a product of natural selection. They get high wages and live in luxury, but the bargain is a good one for society.” Business world was about struggle and should be free of Gov’t regulation Firms led by the “Fittest” would driver their competitors out of business. Based on Darwin’s theory of “Survival of the Fittest” Biggest proponent of this theory was William Graham Sumner, Yale professor “Millionaires are a product of natural selection. They get high wages and live in luxury, but the bargain is a good one for society.” Business world was about struggle and should be free of Gov’t regulation Firms led by the “Fittest” would driver their competitors out of business.

18. Laissez-Faire Economics Approved by Social Darwinists Approved by Social Darwinists This thought rejected Gov’t involvement in the economy This thought rejected Gov’t involvement in the economy The Free Market would regulate business, not the government. The Free Market would regulate business, not the government. “Survival of the Fittest” “Survival of the Fittest” Most Americans accepted this Pro-Business Philosophy Most Americans accepted this Pro-Business Philosophy Horatio Alger Novels – “Rags to Riches” storie Horatio Alger Novels – “Rags to Riches” storie Approved by Social Darwinists Approved by Social Darwinists This thought rejected Gov’t involvement in the economy This thought rejected Gov’t involvement in the economy The Free Market would regulate business, not the government. The Free Market would regulate business, not the government. “Survival of the Fittest” “Survival of the Fittest” Most Americans accepted this Pro-Business Philosophy Most Americans accepted this Pro-Business Philosophy Horatio Alger Novels – “Rags to Riches” storie Horatio Alger Novels – “Rags to Riches” storie

19. Changing Culture Realism Portray world realistically Art & Literature Mark Twain

20. Popular Culture  The Saloon  Centers of towns  Drinks, Toilets, Water for Horses, “Free Lunch”, Political Centers  Amusement Parks  Coney Island  Vaudeville & Ragtime  Hodgepodge of Acts  Hectic city life  The Saloon  Centers of towns  Drinks, Toilets, Water for Horses, “Free Lunch”, Political Centers  Amusement Parks  Coney Island  Vaudeville & Ragtime  Hodgepodge of Acts  Hectic city life

21. Baseball Abner Doubleday 1869 Cincinatti Red Stockings

22. Baseball 1876 1876 Eight Teams formed the National League Eight Teams formed the National League 1901 1901 American league was formed American league was formed 1903 1903 First World Series First World Series Boston Americans (4) vs. Pittsburgh Pirates (3) Boston Americans (4) vs. Pittsburgh Pirates (3) 1876 1876 Eight Teams formed the National League Eight Teams formed the National League 1901 1901 American league was formed American league was formed 1903 1903 First World Series First World Series Boston Americans (4) vs. Pittsburgh Pirates (3) Boston Americans (4) vs. Pittsburgh Pirates (3)

23. First World Series

24. Basketball

25. Dr. James Naismith YMCA – Home of Basketball

26. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man running at good speed. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man running at good speed. The ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it. The ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an opponent. The first infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game. No substitution shall be allowed. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an opponent. The first infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game. No substitution shall be allowed. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as described in Rule 5. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as described in Rule 5. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul). If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul). A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and played by the first person touching it. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and played by the first person touching it. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee. The time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest between. The time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest between. The side making the most goals in that time is declared the winner. The side making the most goals in that time is declared the winner. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man running at good speed. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man running at good speed. The ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it. The ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an opponent. The first infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game. No substitution shall be allowed. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an opponent. The first infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game. No substitution shall be allowed. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as described in Rule 5. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as described in Rule 5. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul). If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul). A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and played by the first person touching it. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and played by the first person touching it. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee. The time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest between. The time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest between. The side making the most goals in that time is declared the winner. The side making the most goals in that time is declared the winner. Naismith’s 13 Rules of Basketball

27. Football Walter Camp, the "Father of American Football", pictured here in 1878 as the captain of the Yale Football team Walter Camp

28. Football Michigan Football - 1902 1869 Rutgers-Princeton First Inter Collegiate Football Game

29. Football

30. In 1920, the first professional league, the American Professional Football Association, was founded, in a meeting at a Hupmobile car dealership in Canton, Ohio. Jim Thorpe was elected the league's first president. After several more meetings, the league's membership was formalized. The original teams were: In 1920, the first professional league, the American Professional Football Association, was founded, in a meeting at a Hupmobile car dealership in Canton, Ohio. Jim Thorpe was elected the league's first president. After several more meetings, the league's membership was formalized. The original teams were:American Professional Football AssociationHupmobileAmerican Professional Football AssociationHupmobile Akron Pros Akron Pros Akron Pros Akron Pros Buffalo All-Americans Buffalo All-Americans Buffalo All-Americans Buffalo All-Americans Canton Bulldogs Canton Bulldogs Canton Bulldogs Canton Bulldogs Chicago Tigers Chicago Tigers Chicago Tigers Chicago Tigers Cleveland Indians Cleveland Indians Cleveland Indians Cleveland Indians Columbus Panhandles Columbus Panhandles Columbus Panhandles Columbus Panhandles Dayton Triangles Dayton Triangles Dayton Triangles Dayton Triangles Decatur Staleys Decatur Staleys Decatur Staleys Decatur Staleys Detroit Heralds Detroit Heralds Detroit Heralds Detroit Heralds Hammond Pros Hammond Pros Hammond Pros Hammond Pros Muncie Flyers Muncie Flyers Muncie Flyers Muncie Flyers Racine Cardinals Racine Cardinals Racine Cardinals Racine Cardinals Rochester Jeffersons Rochester Jeffersons Rochester Jeffersons Rochester Jeffersons Rock Island Independents Rock Island Independents Rock Island Independents Rock Island Independents In 1920, the first professional league, the American Professional Football Association, was founded, in a meeting at a Hupmobile car dealership in Canton, Ohio. Jim Thorpe was elected the league's first president. After several more meetings, the league's membership was formalized. The original teams were: In 1920, the first professional league, the American Professional Football Association, was founded, in a meeting at a Hupmobile car dealership in Canton, Ohio. Jim Thorpe was elected the league's first president. After several more meetings, the league's membership was formalized. The original teams were:American Professional Football AssociationHupmobileAmerican Professional Football AssociationHupmobile Akron Pros Akron Pros Akron Pros Akron Pros Buffalo All-Americans Buffalo All-Americans Buffalo All-Americans Buffalo All-Americans Canton Bulldogs Canton Bulldogs Canton Bulldogs Canton Bulldogs Chicago Tigers Chicago Tigers Chicago Tigers Chicago Tigers Cleveland Indians Cleveland Indians Cleveland Indians Cleveland Indians Columbus Panhandles Columbus Panhandles Columbus Panhandles Columbus Panhandles Dayton Triangles Dayton Triangles Dayton Triangles Dayton Triangles Decatur Staleys Decatur Staleys Decatur Staleys Decatur Staleys Detroit Heralds Detroit Heralds Detroit Heralds Detroit Heralds Hammond Pros Hammond Pros Hammond Pros Hammond Pros Muncie Flyers Muncie Flyers Muncie Flyers Muncie Flyers Racine Cardinals Racine Cardinals Racine Cardinals Racine Cardinals Rochester Jeffersons Rochester Jeffersons Rochester Jeffersons Rochester Jeffersons Rock Island Independents Rock Island Independents Rock Island Independents Rock Island Independents