1. Plant Adaptations for Success on Land Vascular tissue Evolution of the seed that provides food and protection Many methods of seed dispersal Evolution of pollen

2. Flowering Plant (Angiosperm) Reproduction ?

3. What is the function of flowers? Reproduction – Attract Pollinators – Produce reproductive cells (pollen and ovules) – Form fruit and seeds once fertilized

4. Parts of a Flower

5. Parts of the Flower Sepals = enclose flower bud Petals = attract pollinators Carpel = female reproductive organ – Stigma= receives pollen – Style= leads to ovary – Ovary= contains ovules (female gametophyte)

6. Parts of a Flower (contd.) Stamen = male reproductive organ – Anther = produce pollen (male gametophyte) – Filament = holds anther Pollen = each contains 2 cells- tube cell and a cell that makes two sperm

7. formed by meiosis and contains 4 haploid cells 3 disintegrate 1 forms 7 cells by mitosis 1 becomes an ovum, and 1 becomes a cell with 2 nuclei (polar body) Ovule Formation

8. Reproduction 1.Pollination 2.Pollen tube carrying sperm grows toward ovule 3.Double Fertilization Sperm + Egg= 2n cell (embryo and cotyledons) Sperm + Polar body = 3n cell (endosperm)

9. 4. Ovule becomes a seed 5. Ovary becomes fruit Reproduction Continued…

10. Seeds and Embryo Growth

11. After fertilization cells divide and anchor embryo to parent Other cells divide to form the embryo http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/labs/2fert.jpg`

12. Continued… Endosperm and embryo surrounded by seed coat (dormant until germination) – Requires correct temp and water – Enzymes digest endosperm (nutrients) Cotyledons develop Store food Embryonic shoot develops (will be stem and leaves) Epicotyl (above the cotyledon) Hypocotyl (below the cotyledon) Embryonic root develops (radicle) http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=72144&rendTypeId=35