1. Department of Telecommunications MASTER THESIS Nr. 610 INTELLIGENT TRADING AGENT FOR POWER TRADING BASED ON THE REPAST TOOLKIT Ivana Pranjić

2. Department of TelecommunicationsOverview  Introduction  Agent based modeling  Electricity market  Smart grid  Agent-based modeling of electricity markets  Powertac  Repast toolkit  Implementing PowerTAC broker using Repast  Conclusion Zagreb, July 2013 1 of 11

3. Department of TelecommunicationsIntroduction  Most systems show signs of complex behavior  Complex adaptive systems – many interacting components  Adaptation and self-organization  Emergence  Non-linearity  Co-evolution  Simulation using agent-based models Zagreb, July 2013 2 of 11

4. Department of Telecommunications Agent-based modeling  Suitable for imitating non-linear characteristics of complex adaptive systems  Agents – behaviors based on sets of rules  Autonomous  Able to learn and adapt  Interactive  Goal-oriented  ABM are flexible, provide natural description of complex systems and capture emergent phenomena Zagreb, July 2013 3 of 11

5. Department of Telecommunications Electricity market  One of the most complex markets in the world  Centralized topology  transmission losses, power outages  Restructuring, liberalization  Distributed electricity generation - reliability, environmental and economical reasons  Introduction of the smart grid  Two-way flow of information and electricity  Integration of numerous new producers and encouraging use of renewable sources  Balancing power supply and demand in real-time Zagreb, July 2013 4 of 11

6. Department of Telecommunications Smart grid Zagreb, July 2013 5 of 11

7. Department of Telecommunications Agent-based modeling of electricity markets  Testing new market designs before implementing them in real life  ABM is commonly used for modeling electricity markets  Agents represent market participants who interact, make decisions, take actions and learn from their experience  There are numerous models of electricity markets  Power Trading Agent Competition (PowerTAC) – agents act as brokers and compete with each other Zagreb, July 2013 6 of 11

8. Department of TelecommunicationsPowerTAC Zagreb, July 2013 7 of 11

9. Department of Telecommunications Repast toolkit  Repast Simphony – a toolkit for agent-based modeling written in Java  Model agents using Java, Groovy, ReLogo or flowcharts  Graphical user interface – control the simulation, modify parameters, use external tools (Pajek, Weka)  Display data through charts and graphs  Libraries for neural networks, genetic algorithms, etc. Zagreb, July 2013 8 of 11

10. Department of Telecommunications Implementing PowerTAC broker using Repast  “Sample broker” – agent template written in Java  Implementing the sample broker using Repast  Configure simulation parameters using the GUI  ClassNotFound and NoClassDefFound errors  Start the simulation without using the GUI  User is not able to control the simulation  Incompatibility between Repast development libraries and libraries used by sample broker Zagreb, July 2013 9 of 11

11. Department of Telecommunications Implementing PowerTAC broker using Repast  Control the simulation execution manually  Give user the opportunity to manually create tariffs and wholesale offers and submit them to the market  PowerTAC simulation is managed by the simulator, not the agent Zagreb, July 2013 10 of 11

12. Department of TelecommunicationsConclusion  Agent-based models are often used to model electricity markets  Repast is not appropriate for implementing PowerTAC agent  Incompatible technologies  In Repast the user controls the simulation, in PowerTAC it is done by the simulator  Lack of documentation Zagreb, July 2013 11 of 11