1. Guidance & Counseling Role of a Teacher Prof. Dr. M. A. Pasha Chairman Department of Computer Science & Information Technology University of Sargodha 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 1

2. Diversity in Education Students’ backgrounds, family culture, socio-economic conditions, etc. introduce diversity in their academic profiles. This diversity translates into a differential in their learning outcomes and behavior patterns. Yet, national agenda desires to ensure that all are found worthy in learning and character. 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 2

3. Goal of Guidance and Counseling Both are integral components of education system. Provide an opportunity for an individual to see a variety of available options and thereafter, assist the person in making a wise choice. Both aims to promote the personal/social, educational, and career development of all students 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 3

4. Both are used to solve problems of life. The basic difference is in the approach. Goal of Guidance and Counseling In guidance, the student's problems are listened carefully and readymade solutions are provided by the expert. In counseling, the student's problems are discussed, analyzed, and relevant information are provided. In the end, the student himself/herself have an insight to the problem and he/she become empowered to take own decision. No Enforcement 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 4

5. Guidance Example Consider a new student in a university who is to register for courses in a program. The course list has two categories - compulsory and elective courses. The compulsory courses are mandatory. The elective courses offer some choice. A teacher’s effort at assisting the learner to select suitable elective courses provides an example of guidance service. 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 5

6. Counseling Example Assume after registration and some way into the program, the student has problems with some courses. Perhaps the student is unable to cope with the rigor of work or is having some problems with a course lecturer. Offering informed advice on how to cope with emerging problems is counseling. 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 6

7. Types of Guidance Educational Guidance Assisting students in their choices in and adjustment to the curriculum and institutional life in general. Guiding students to pursue the right type of education according to their aptitude, market demands, etc. 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 7

8. Types of Guidance (Cont.) Career & Vocational guidance The word “career” is used to refer to one’s progress through his/her working life, particularly in a certain profession or line of work. The goals that one has for one’s working life are called “career goals,” and planning how we will reach them is called setting a “career path.” The word “vocation” refers to a strong feeling within an individual that they are meant to do a certain job. It can also be used to refer to a trade or profession. Vocational guidance helps students to choose a suitable occupation, make the necessary preparations for it, enter into it, and develop in it. This is a continuous process since an individual is likely to re-evaluate the career choice at various points in his/her life and may make changes at any point in his/her career. Common Activities Personal Exploration Providing Information on Career Possibilities and Stereotypes Recognizing the Talents of the Student Helping to Develop Life and Employability Skills Helping Students Make a Career Plan Helping Students Find Employment 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 8

9. Types of Guidance (Cont.) The process of helping students on how to behave with consideration to other people. Help students to understand oneself, how to get along with others, manners and etiquette, leisure time activities, social skills, family and family relationships and understanding masculine and feminine roles. Personal and social guidance 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 9

10. Counseling Counselors expresses care and concern towards the person with a problem to facilitate that person's personal growth and positive change through self- understanding. Counseling is usually viewed as one part of guidance services. It is learning-oriented process which usually occurs in an interactive relationship with the aim of helping the person learn more: 1.about the self; 2.about others 3.about situations and events related to given issues and conditions 4.and also to learn to put such understanding to being an effective member of the society. Certainly it is not counseling 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 10

11. Aims of Counseling To help students understand the self in terms of their personal ability, interest, motivation and potentials. To help students gain insight into the origins and development of emotional difficulties, leading to an increased capacity to take rational control over their feelings and actions. To alter maladaptive behaviours. To help students develop decision making skills. To assist students in moving towards the direction of fulfilling their potentials or in achieving an integration of previously conflicting parts of themselves. To provide students with skills, awareness and knowledge which will enable them to confront social inadequacies. To help students gain some insight into the world of work, the realities therein and the relationships to their education and specialization. 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 11

12. Personal/Social Counseling Anxiety over a career decision Lingering anger over an interpersonal conflict Insecurity about getting older Depressive feelings when bored with work Excessive guilt about a serious mistake A lack of assertion and confidence Deals with emotional distress and behavioral difficulties that arise when an individual struggles to cope with developmental stages and tasks. Grief over the loss of a loved one Disillusionment and loneliness after parents divorce. Failure in examinations Inability to make friends Conflict with lecturers 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 12

13. Activity List any four activities you have carried out in your department within the last one year that are (a) guidance and (b) counseling in nature. From your list, indicate the elements which distinguish each activity as either guidance or counseling. 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 13

14. Characteristics of Counselors Abiding interest and faith in students capabilities Understanding of students' aspirations Sympathetic attitude Friendliness Sense of humour Patience Objectivity Sincerity Tact Fairness 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 14

15. Tips for Teacher when Counseling Students Assist the student to make adjustment to life in the institution. Encourage the student to participate in appropriate activities with a view toward increasing his or her effectiveness in personal and social activities. Show concern for and assist in the planning of the student's educational, career, personal, and social development. Aid the student in self-evaluation, self- understanding, and self-direction, enabling him or her to make decisions consistent with immediate and long-rage goals to higher education opportunity granted him or her. 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 15

16. Tips for the Higher Education Teacher when Counseling Students Assist the student in developing healthy and positive attitudes and values Help the student to acquire a better understanding of the world of work through the acquisition of skills and attitudes and/or participation in work- related programs. Encourage the student to plan and utilize leisure time activities well. Assists the student in understanding his strengths, weakness, interest, values, potentialities and limitations. 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 16

17. Counseling in a Nut Shell A counselor is trained to be able to listen to people and to encourage them to explore their thoughts and emotions freely and openly. They will ask probing, pertinent questions that will enable the client to be able to consider things that perhaps they had never thought of before A counselor will also, through exploring, be able to help the client see things in a different perspective and to be able to come to terms with whatever is affecting them. The purpose of counseling is not to tell people how to live their lives, or what to do next, but to let people see for themselves what the options are so they can work things through themselves. Obviously, some people have issues that cannot be resolved; perhaps something has happened in their lives that they find extremely difficult to deal with, and counseling will give them strategies so that they can cope, and so that it will not have too great an adverse effect. 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 17

18. Guidance in a Nut Shell Guidance, on the other hand, will do lots of things that counseling will do, but there is an extra element to it in as much as the person who is doing the guiding will advise, and guide. This means that the person doing the guidance must not have any agenda in relation to the person they are guiding, and should be completely neutral in the whole matter. Options that are available need to be explored so that the person can be sure that they are making the right decision for them. 5/23/2013 Delivered at Govt. Women Degree College, Sargodha 18

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