1. Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter2- 4
Understanding Memory
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter2- 4

2. Memory Bytes and Addressable memory Memory Sizes Types of Memory RAM
Cache
ROM
Flash Memory
CMOS
Memory Access Time

3. Differentiate among the various types of memory
Objective Overview
Differentiate among the various types of memory
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2-4
See Page 209
for Detailed Objectives

4. Memory
Memory consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data
Stores three basic categories of items:
The operating system and other system software
Application programs
Data being processed and the resulting information
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5. Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 4
Memory
Each location in memory has an address
Memory size is measured in kilobytes (KB or K), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), or terabytes (TB)
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Figure 4-17

6. Memory Volatile memory Nonvolatile memory
The system unit contains two types of memory:
Volatile memory
Loses its contents when power is turned off
Example includes RAM
Nonvolatile memory
Does not lose contents when power is removed
Examples include ROM, flash memory, and CMOS
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 4
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7. Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 4
Memory
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Figure 4-18

8. Memory Three basic types of RAM chips exist: Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
Static RAM (SRAM)
Magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM)
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Figure 4-19

9. Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 4
Memory
RAM chips usually reside on a memory module and are inserted into memory slots
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Figure 4-20

10. Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 4
Memory
The amount of RAM necessary in a computer often depends on the types of software you plan to use
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Figure 4-21

11. Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 4
Memory
Memory cache speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data
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Figure 4-22

12. Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 4
Memory
Read-only memory (ROM) refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions
Firmware
A PROM (programmable read-only memory) chip is a blank ROM chip that can be written to permanently
EEPROM can be erased
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13. Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 4
Memory
Flash memory can be erased electronically and rewritten
CMOS technology provides high speeds and consumes little power
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Figure 4-23

14. Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 4
Memory
Access time is the amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory
Measured in nanoseconds
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Figures 4-24 – 4-25

15. Putting It All Together
Intel Core i5 or Intel Core 2 i3 or AMD Athlon II or AMD Sempron
Home
Minimum RAM: 2 GB
Intel Core i7 or Intel Core i7 Extreme or AMD Phenom II or AMD Athlon II
Small Office/ Home Office
Minimum RAM: 4 GB
Intel Core i7 Extreme or Intel Core i7 or AMD Phenom II or AMD Turion II
Mobile
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Figure 4-38

16. Putting It All Together
Minimum RAM: 8 GB
Intel Xeon or Intel Itanium or AMD Opteron
Power
Intel Core i7 or Intel Core i7 Extreme or AMD Phenom II or AMD Athlon II
Enterprise
Minimum RAM: 4 GB
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Figure 4-38

17. Keeping Your Computer or Mobile Device Clean
Clean your computer or mobile device once or twice a year
Turn off and unplug your computer or mobile device before cleaning it
Use compressed air to blow away dust
Use an antistatic wipe to clean the exterior of the case and a cleaning solution and soft cloth to clean the screen
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18. Video: The Leopard with a Time Machine
CLICK TO START
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 4

19. Differentiate among the various types of memory
Summary
Differentiate among the various types of memory
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20. Chapter 2Complete