1. Conversations about Inclusion
Robert Abel,
School Psychologist
Marguerite Brown,
Special Education
Teacher
Joan Kern,
Compliance
Facilitator
Mesa Public Schools
July, 2010
MESA P U B L I C S C H O O L S

2. Objectives
Deliver information on history and rationale of inclusive education
Supply real world methods and techniques for the practice of inclusion
Provide venue for discussion and problem solving re: inclusion in MPS

3. “Let me get this straight: I’m behind … and I’m going to catch up by going slower ?"

4. Legal basis for inclusion…
Civil Rights Act
Architectural Barriers Act
Rehabilitation Act (Section 504)
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (PL )
1988 – Civil Rights Restoration Act.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act
Amendments to IDEA
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004
Questions
Why did it take all of the lawsuits and legislation to get our society to where it is now?
What one word best summarizes all disabilitiy laws?

5. Inclusion = accommodation social equality diversification expectations opportunity adaptation integration access

6. Inclusion = specialization segregation separatism exemption exclusion isolation

7. Special Education is a not a Place
set of services

8. One’s perspective

9. makes

10. All the difference

11. In the…

12. World

14. We may have all come on different ships, but we're in the same boat now.
~ Martin Luther King, Jr.

15. How can diverse learners possibly be educated effectively in one classroom?
1. Authority
2. Motivation
3. Ability

16. Authority and Motivation…

17. Authority and motivation…

18. I E P Authority and motivation… The IEP RULES!!!!!!!!
Say there is a conflict between:
A teacher who says she doesn’t accept late work, and an IEP that specifies extended timelines for assignments…
A State Department of Education who says that students must pass AIMS to graduate from high school, and IEP that specifies alternative requirements and exempts a student from the AIMS test…
A principal who states that disabled students are not allowed in the general education classroom, and an IEP which specifies services to be provided IN a general education classroom?
The IEP rules!!!!!

19. ?

20. Never underestimate that a small group of thoughtful, committed people can change the world; indeed it's the only thing that ever has.
~Margaret Mead

21. Collaborative partnership
A partnership between two or more people that gives structure and organization for planning, thinking, and working together to accomplish a common goal

22. Role of school principal in school-wide inclusion implementation…
Vision and agenda
Structure and organization
Staff training
Allocation of resources
Ongoing support

23. Role of special education teacher in school-wide inclusion implementation
An Expert In…..
Learning Styles
Behavior Modifications
Learning Strategies
Diagnostic/Prescriptive Teaching
Accommodation/modification
Home/school communication and the IEP process

24. Activities of special education teacher in school-wide inclusion
implementation
An Expert In…..
Interpreting Highlighting
Summarizing Identifying
Simplifying Emphasizing
Condensing Enlarging
Paraphrasing Clarifying

25. Role of general education teacher in school-wide inclusion implementation…
An Expert In…
Content Areas
Scope & Sequence of Curriculum
Knowledge of Curriculum Standards
Management Strategies of Large Groups
Academic & Social Development
Pacing, delivery, inspiration and motivation
Organization of massive amounts of materials

26. 4 Approaches to Team Teaching*
Supportive Teaching
Parallel Teaching
Complementary Teaching
Team Teaching
* From Deer Valley School District materials

27. Supportive Teaching One teacher takes the lead instructional role
2nd teacher rotates among the students
providing support to all students

28. Parallel Teaching
2 or more teachers work with different groups of students in different section of the classroom
Co-teachers may rotate groups
Co-teachers teach area of strength
(If new to team teaching – this is the most
comfortable place to start)

29. Complementary Teaching
All teachers are lead teachers, contributing to the lesson
or lecture
1 teacher may paraphrase what other teacher is saying or ask clarifying or summarizing questions
Each teacher focuses on his/her area of expertise
1 teacher may pre-teach a skill to a small group
(As comfort levels increase, the complementary and team teaching models are more effective)

30. True Team Teaching
2 or more teachers do what one traditional teacher has always done
All Plan the lesson
All Teach the lesson
All Assess student progress
All Assume responsibility for ALL students
(This is the ideal model for co-teaching and sustained inclusive education)

31. For example… 1st co-teacher is… 2nd co-teacher is… Lecturing
Modeling Note taking on board
Passing out papers
Reviewing directions
Taking roll
Collecting/reviewing homework
Checking understanding
with whole group
with subgroup(s)
Concluding a lecture
Asking clarifying or summarizing questions

32. Many hands make light work…
Ms. A Mr. B Ms. C
Modify tests/quizzes
Create alternative projects
Generate curriculum modifications
Communicate w/ related services
Facilitate peer support & friendships
Recruit and train peer tutors
Train and assign IA’s
Schedule/Facilitate team meetings
Assign grades
Create advanced organizers
Develop units, projects, lessons
Conduct IEP related meetings
other – specify
other - specify

33. The special education teacher as an Inclusion Facilitator….
Part-time daily scheduled
Pull-out
Total staff (training)
Teaming/co-teaching
Consultant
Drop-in
Problem-solving conferences

34. Modified grading A fair grading system…
provides an opportunity for high grades
to be earned
- provides meaningful grades that reflect a student's experience in the classroom
- includes flexibility as needed to meet individual needs of students

35. The Nine Grid (Problem solving process)
Quantity
Time
Level of support
Input
Participation
Output
Alternative
Curriculum
Difficulty
Alternate Goals

36. Language makes a difference…
“The difference between the right word and the almost-right word is the difference between lightning and a lightning bug”
~ Mark Twain

37. I E P IEP issues: Accommodations/modifications:
Adjust evaluation criteria for assignments
Adjust evaluation criteria for grades on report card
Adjust quantity and/or difficulty of homework assignments
Allow extra time for deadlines
Allow extra credit and/or alternative projects for credit
Allow re-taking of tests
Use visual aids (pictures, transparencies, charts, maps)
Provide frequent feedback
Emphasize major points/main ideas
Allow others to take notes when extensive notes are required (NCR paper).
Extra set of books for home
I E P

38. I E P IEP issues: G. STATEMENT OF SPECIAL EDUCATION/RELATED SERVICES
Reading Comprehension
General Education hours per week
Special Education .5 hours per week
Math Calculation and Math Problem Solving
General Education 2.00 hours per week
I E P

39. LRE
Inside Regular Class 80% or more of the day
I E P

40. Inclusion Myths
Inclusion (or resource or self-contained) is the best model of service delivery for all students
Inclusion requires fewer special education teachers/instructional aides
Students always increase academic skills when taught in inclusion classrooms
Successful inclusion takes little time and effort from school staff and can be implemented quickly and with few mistakes on the first trial.

41. Comfort
Zone
Growth
Zone
Panic Zone

42. What barriers to inclusion do you see in your school?

43. Where to start?
Where do I start?
Old man on beach…

45. “In the end, we considered inclusion successful if the student no longer stood out because of his disability.”
- Mrs. Hughes
Teacher

46. Concluding activity…

47. Websources1… http://www.inclusiveschools.org/
…and many, many more to Google.

48. Websources2…
Resources from Deer Valley District:

49. Books…
The Inclusion Facilitator’s Guide by Cheryl Jorgenson, Mary C. Schuh, and Jan Nisbet
A Guide to Co-Teaching by Richard Villa, Jacqueline Thousand, and Ann Nevin
Collaborative Teaching in the Secondary Schools by Wendy Murawski
Inclusion Strategies That Work! Research-Based Methods for the Classroom,Second Edition by Toby J Karten
Collaborative Teaching in the Elementary Schools by Wendy Murawski

50. Please complete your evaluation form, and drop it off on your way out.

51. Happy trails