2. CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG Division of Social Studies Theme 4:Welfare Institution Prepared by Group X

3. What is Social Welfare? Laws Programmes Benefits Services Welfare Institution

4. PART 1 Sociological perspectives & Welfare Roles of Hong Kong Government

5. Round 1 Functionalism V.S. Welfare Roles of Hong Kong Government

6. Functionalism V.S. H.K. government welfare role Explanation of Functionalism Solidarity Stability

7. Functionalism V.S. Welfare role of H.K. Government Using Family Functions as an example Reproduction Physical Social Emotive

8. Functionalism V.S. Welfare role of H.K. Government Cultural Economic Education

9. 1996 2000

10. 2001

11. 2001

12. Functionalism V.S. Welfare role of H.K. Government Family system undergoing changes Size of Family Roles of Parents Family breaking down Location of Home

13. Functionalism V.S. Welfare role of H.K. Government Government Reaction Set up Family & Child Center Set up Single Parent Center Caritas Mutual Aid Center for Single Parent Families Hong Kong Single Parent Association West Kowloon Single Parent Career Development Center

14. Functionalism V.S. Welfare role of H.K. Government Government reaction Set up Family Crisis Support Center Provide Direct and Indirect Subsidy (Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, 9 years free of charge education)

15. Functionalism V.S. Welfare role of H.K. Government Purposes of Providing Welfare Maintain Stability Response to the Needs Functions those Weakened

16. Functionalism V.S. Welfare role of H.K. Government Conclusion Welfare is a tool!!!!

17. Round 2 Symbolic Interaction V.S. Welfare Roles of Hong Kong Government

18. Symbolic Interaction V.S. Welfare role of H.K. government Explanation of Symbolic Interaction Focus on individual interactions in specific situations No absolute of right or wrong View society as products of everyday individual interactions

19. In the past Status: Men>>>Women –Women are seen as a property of men Education level: Lower –Less aware of the human right So, accept being bitten up by husband and are ashamed of reporting!!

20. NOWADAYS Status: Men~Women –Women are more independent of men Education level: Higher –Greater awareness of human right So, find spouse abuse unacceptable and willing to report!

21. Governments Welfare Response Women Protection Ordinance Establishment of organizations for protection of women –HARMONY HOUSE ( )

22. Round 3 Conflict Theory V.S. Welfare Roles of Hong Kong Government

23. Conflict Theory V.S. Welfare role of H.K. government CAPITALISM Free economic market (like wages system) government intervention Private market & property rights

24. Conflict Theory V.S. Welfare role of H.K. government Explanation of CONFLICT THEORY Conflicts Deprive Unequal resources distribution

25. Conflict Theory V.S. Welfare role of H.K. government Under Capitalism, welfare system is to Maintain the lives of the poor Decrease social conflict Release welfare gap Ensure free market system

26. Conflict Theory V.S. Welfare role of H.K. government Example CSSA

27. QUESTIONS Lets image….. Q1, What is an Ideal Society? Q2, Are there any problems in the Ideal Society ? What are they ?

28. After the presentation of 3 sociological theories,which is the best to explain the welfare role of H.K. Government ? TO BE CONTINUE!

29. Part 2 Hong Kong Government Hong Kong SAR Government

30. B 97 V.S. A 97 Economics Politics Welfare

31. ECONOMICS B 97 V.S. A 97

32. Government and Business Strength of Hong Kong Economy Minimum government intervention Clear legal environment…… Weakness of Hong Kong Economy Lack of government support………..

33. Government & Business Before 1997 Free trade policy Supporter e.g. infrastructure…..

34. Government and Business After 1997 Positive non-intervention Controller e.g. Asian Financial Crisis, Housing policy,..

35. Asian Financial Crisis ( ) Government Intervention in Housing Market

36. Government Intervention Good & Bad Good! Protect the benefit of general public

37. Government Intervention Bad Public depends on the government.

38. Then do you think government should intervene the market or not?

39. B 97 V.S. A 97 POLITICS

40. B 97 V.S. A 97 POLITICS JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE INTERPRETATION OF BASIC LAW

41. Disaster of Laws (Human Rights cannot be protected)! On January 26, 1999, the Court of Final Appeal delivered a judgment on the right of abode case ( ) N ational P eople' s C ongress S tanding C ommittee ( NPCSC ) – NPCSC had offered explanations for some clauses in the Basic Law of the Hong Kong SAR on June 26, 1999 ( )

42. The Election Mechanism of Legislative Council List system of proportional representation ( ) first past the post" voting system ( )

43. A ccountability S ystem (AS ) ( ) Carried out on July 2002. Number of Policy Bureau changed from 16 to 11 (all assigned by Chief Executive)( ) Plus Chief Secretary for Administration( ),Financial Secretary( )and Secretary for Justice( ).

44. A ccountability S ystem (AS ) ( ) 14 Principal Officials (AS) responsible to Chief Executive Only and not checked & balanced( ) by Legislative Council( )

45. Power of Government Therefore : Power of Government after 97 is highly Centralization. Policy constitution is consensus and easy to execute While power of Government before 97 is relative weak

46. The Intervention of the SAR government in Welfare Policy WELFARE

47. Change of Subsidies Method

48. The subvention model was M odel C ost ( MC ) and M odified S tandard C ost ( MSC ) from 1981 Repayment system was provided for overpayments (Actual cost>Budget) M.C. & M.S.C.

49. Problems of MC and MSC: 1. Inflexible ( ) 2. Complex ( ) 3. Bureaucratic ( ) M.C. & M.S.C

50. M.C. & M.S.C. Government Policy To fix these problems, Social Welfare Department (SWD) launched the L ump S um G rant subvention scheme and carried out in December 2000

51. L ump S um G rant subvention scheme (LSG ) Under the LSG SWD will no longer staffing structures, levels of pay and individual items of expenditure NGOs will be given flexibility in develop service. No any other external subvention will be given

52. Use of L.S.G AGREE & DISAGREE AGREE: 1.Fixable 2.Meet the need of district and the user 3.Accelerate management Modernization of NGOs

53. Use of L.S.G AGREE & DISAGREE DISAGREE Layoff Pay cut Lack of Consultation Increase user burden

54. S ervice P erformance M onitoring S ystem ( SPMS ) ( ) What is SPMS? A.Launched in 04/1999 by SWD B. To ensuring NGOs to manage public resources effectively to meet performance standard C. Major Components of the SPMS : 1. S ervice Q uality S tandard ( SQS ) and 2. F unding and S ervice A greements ( FSA )

55. 1 9 2 10 3 11 4 12 5 13 6 14 7 15 8 16 Sixteen SQS standards (Chinese Version )

56. S ervice P erformance M onitoring S ystem ( SPMS ) ( ) SQS: Define the policy procedures and practices which a service unit should have in place.

57. S ervice P erformance M onitoring S ystem ( SPMS ) ( ) SQS: Define the policy procedures and practices which a service unit should have in place

58. S ervice P erformance M onitoring S ystem ( SPMS ) ( ) Four Principles in Sixteen Standards Principle 1.Provision of information Principle 2.Service management Principle 3.Service to user Principle 4.Respect for service users right

59. F unding and S ervice A greements ( FSA ) ( ) What is it? It includes the objective and nature of service to be provided, the output indicators and funding arrangement.

60. F unding and S ervice A greements ( FSA ) Content of the agreement 1.Nature of service ( ) 2.Performance standards ( ) 3.Obligations of SWD to service operators ( ) 4.Basis of subvention ( )

61. F unding and S ervice A greements ( FSA ) Content of the agreement 1.Nature of service ( ) 2.Performance standards ( ) 3.Obligations of SWD to service operators ( ) 4.Basis of subvention ( )

62. Governments View PRODCTIVITY ( ) EFFICIENCY ( ) ENTREPRENEURSHIP ( )

63. S ervice P erformance M onitoring S ystem ( SPMS ) ( ) COMMENT ON THE SPMS STRENGTH( ) Quality Service Measure service performance objectively WEAKNESS( ) Too rely on Statistic Increasing the workload of the worker

64. Competitive Bidding ( ) Launched in 1999 Attain efficiency and cost effectiveness in social welfare service Pilot test on meal service for the elderly Home care service Private sector also invited to bidding residential care services

65. Competitive Bidding ( ) Comment Lack of evidence for bidding can cut costs Private sector concerns profit Discrimination Instability and Discontinuous

66. B 97 V.S. A 97 CONCLUSION Other than the above changes,SARS, Negative Equity Asset owner( ), Reduce of CSSA( ),Legislation of Article 23( ),…..

67. As a result

68. B 97 V.S. A 97 Lets imagine The Future of Hong Kong!

69. QUESTION & ANSWER Thanks for your attention