1. 1 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS The Zambia PV ESCOs Project Anders Arvidson Stockholm Environment Institute

2. 2 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS

3. 3 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS Graph prepared by Mathias Gustavsson, Bioquest and University of Gothenburg

4. 4 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS Increase electricity access from 20% to 35% by 2010

5. 5 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS Project objectives What is needed to make PV a sustainable rural electrification approach? Input to design of necessary institutional framework

6. 6 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS FILM http://www.sei.se/energy/pvesco/download_reports/zambia_pvesco_video.wmv

7. 7 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS Acheivements in breif 3 ESCOs Techncians and adminstative staff trained 400 clients paying for light, radio, tv 2 400 people Children doing homework Small business extended hours Motel/lodge

8. 8 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS Acheivements in breif Modern lifestyle Living conditions for civil servants more attractive Good payment record ESCOs takes action when customers default 1 panel has been stolen. Applicants waiting

9. 9 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS Acheivements in breif Over-use of the systems, especially businesses. Problems with pre-payment meters in Chipata Long tendering procedures Reach the better-off Established rural PV service infrastructure

10. 10 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS Fee for service EUR 6 – 8 /month Salaries, transport, battery replacement Not capital Agreement to repay capital

11. 11 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS Main current company level issues Cash flow Mobility

12. 12 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS National level issues Transfer of ownership (Gov-ESCOs) Expansion beyond the present Subsidy/no subsidy Subsidy needed No financial market Now: Bearing recurrent costs Investment capital

13. 13 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS Expansion A dedicated organisation A solid institutional framework National utility? Solar Energy Society of Zambia? Energy Regulation Board?

14. 14 Task 9 – PV Services in Developing Countries IEA International Energy Agency PVPS Facilitator Zambia Solar Facility – supported Independent, transparent, accountable Rural electrification agency Government/financing agency