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KEY CONCEPT Matter cycles in and out of an ecosystem.

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Presentation on theme: "KEY CONCEPT Matter cycles in and out of an ecosystem."— Presentation transcript:

1 KEY CONCEPT Matter cycles in and out of an ecosystem.
Biogeochemical Cycle is the movement of a particular chemical through the biological and geological, or living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. 5 Cycles: Water Oxygen Carbon Nitrogen Phosphorus

2 Water cycles through the environment.
The hydrologic, or water, cycle is the circular pathway of water on Earth. Organisms all have bodies made mostly of water. precipitation condensation transpiration evaporation water storage in ocean surface runoff lake groundwater seepage

3 precipitation condensation transpiration evaporation surface runoff
water storage in ocean surface runoff lake groundwater seepage

4 In which parts of the water cycle is water in the liquid state?
What sources of water are used for drinking water and by plants for life their processes? What processes return water vapor to the atmosphere? What process transforms water vapor to liquid water? Which state of water is not shown in the diagram but is still an important reservoir of water? Precipitation, runoff, groundwater, ocean water, lakes, seepage Lake, ground water, runoff, precipitation Evaporation and transpiration Condensation Solid: ice, snow

5 Elements essential for life also cycle through ecosystems.
The main processes involved in the oxygen cycle are photosynthesis and respiration. Most organisms need oxygen for…? Plants release oxygen as a by product during photosynthesis. Humans and most other organisms take in oxygen and release it as carbon dioxide through cellular respiration. oxygen respiration carbon dioxide photosynthesis

6 Carbon is the building block of life.
Carbon is an essential component of what 3 organic molecules in the human body? Carbohydrates, proteins and fats fossil fuels photosynthesis carbon dioxide dissolved in water decomposition of organisms respiration carbon dioxide in air combustion

7 Carbon is emitted by the burning of fossil fuels.
The carbon cycle moves carbon from the atmosphere, through the food web, and returns to the atmosphere. Carbon is emitted by the burning of fossil fuels. Some carbon is stored for long periods of time in areas called carbon sinks. fossil fuels photosynthesis carbon dioxide dissolved in water decomposition of organisms respiration carbon dioxide in air combustion

8 Components of the Carbon Cycle
Relation to Cycle Respiration Decomposition Combustion Photosynthesis Returns carbon to the atmosphere Breaking down dead organisms returns carbon to atmosphere Burning of fossil fuels and wood as well as emissions from factories and automobiles adds carbon to atmosphere Plants use energy from sun and CO2 from atmosphere to build organic materials

9 The nitrogen cycle mostly takes place underground.
Some bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into ammonia through a process called nitrogen fixation. Some nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in nodules on the roots of plants; others live freely in the soil. nitrogen in atmosphere animals denitrifying bacteria nitrifying ammonium ammonification decomposers plant nitrogen-fixing bacteria in soil bacteria in roots nitrates nitrites

10 Where does much of the nitrogen cycle take place?
What is the source of nitrogen for the animal? What is the source of nitrogen for the plants? What is the source of nitrogen for decomposers? Which organisms act as a bridge between the nitrogen in the atmosphere and the organisms of the biosphere? nitrogen in atmosphere animals denitrifying bacteria nitrifying ammonium ammonification decomposers plant nitrogen-fixing bacteria in soil bacteria in roots nitrates nitrites

11 Decomposers & Bacteria
Where does much of the nitrogen cycle take place? What is the source of nitrogen for the animal? What is the source of nitrogen for the plants? What is the source of nitrogen for decomposers? Which organisms act as a bridge between the nitrogen in the atmosphere and the organisms of the biosphere? Underground Plants Decomposers & Bacteria Dead organic matter- dead animals and plants, animal excretions Bacteria

12 The phosphorus cycle takes place at and below ground level.
geologic uplifting rain weathering of phosphate from rocks runoff sedimentation forms new rocks leaching phosphate in solution animals plants decomposers phosphate in soil Begins when: Phosphate is released by the weathering of rocks. Phosphorus moves through the food web (from producers to consumers) and returns to the soil during decomposition.

13 Phosphorus leaches into groundwater from the soil for use by producers.
Over many thousands of years the sediment eventually becomes rock again Both mining and agriculture add phosphorus into the environment and can cause serious problems like algal blooms geologic uplifting rain weathering of phosphate from rocks runoff sedimentation forms new rocks leaching phosphate in solution animals plants decomposers phosphate in soil

14 Algal Bloom video

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