2. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 1 Introduction Welcome to CSE1720 An Elective Unit for Bachelor of Business and other Approved Degrees Summer Semester 2005 known as Semester 3 Summer C BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS

3. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 2 Introduction CSE1720 Business Information Technology and Systems I’m : Rod Simpson I’m located in : C 4.46 (until mid 2005) phone number is : (03) 990 32352 My email address is : rod.simpson@csse.monash.edu.au

4. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 3 Which stands for School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Faculty of Information Technology

5. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 4 Unit Information The unit schedule is Lectures Monday, 22/11 to Thursday 25/11 9.30am to noon Monday, 29/11 to Thursday 2/12 9.30am to noon Monday, 6/12 and Tuesday 7/12 9.30am to noon Wednesday 8/12. Revision Lecture/Question Session 9.30am to noon Tutorials 1.30pm to 3.00pm as per the lecture dates, but NOT Wednesday 8/12/2004 Examination: Friday 10th December 9.30am to 11.45am

6. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 5 More Information Tutorials are in Laboratories B 3.42 B 3.42B B 3.43 B 3.45 and B 3.46 They run from 1.30pm to 3.00pm and are on 22/11, 23/11, 24/11 and 25/11 29/11, 30/11, 1/12 and 2/12 6/12, 7/12 and 8/12/2005 The examination is on Friday 10th December. It will start at 9.30m.

7. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 6 Unit Information IMPORTANT NOTICE Today, Monday 22nd November is the last opportunity of withdrawing from this unit without payment penalty.

8. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 7 Subject Information ANOTHER IMPORTANT NOTICE Exclusions The exclusions to this unit are –Bachelor of Computing –Bachelor of Computer Science –Masters Degrees in Computing –Graduate Diplomas in Computing...

9. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 8 Unit Information Notes and other materials for this unit are available from the web. The address is http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/courseware/cse1720s The overheads are in PowerPoint Office 97 format. Other materials (Subject outline, assignments …) are in Word They can be copied (save to disk A:\) from the Web page. Or, you can display them. Follow the prompts

10. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 9 Lecture No. 1

11. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 10 The Unit Objectives Let’s look at the Unit Title Business Information Technology and Systems It should read ‘ Business Information - Technology and Systems’ What is Business ? What is Business Information ? Why is either, or both, necessary ? What is the meaning or purpose of ‘Technology’ ? What is a ‘System’ What is a ‘Technology System’ ?

12. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 11 Unit Objectives To give you SOME information of the use of Computing Hardware and Software in the Business Environment To give you SOME information on the use of computing techniques and methods in the Business Environment To provide you with some of the terminology associated with computing hardware, software and techniques

13. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 12 Unit Objectives To give you some hands-on experience with the Windows 2000/XP Operating Systems and the Windows environment, spreadsheet, database and word-processing software, and the Oracle database management system To give you some concepts of system design and system project management

14. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 13 What will you get from this unit ? You should : Become familiar with many Information Technology terms Develop an understanding of the nature and functions of an Operating System - Windows 2000 / XP in particular - and you will hear about Linux Be able to discuss the need for, and the probable extent of, an Information System Be capable of using Microsoft Office products - Word, Excel, Access and PowerPoint

15. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 14 What will you get from this unit ? Become aware of some of the pieces or components of a PC Develop some understanding of the capacities, speeds and units of measurement of the components of a computer system Be able to use the Monash Library system and the Internet competently Be able to construct a Profit and Loss and Forecast solution in Excel Be able to design and create a small database

16. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 15 What will you get from this unit ? Be impressed with some of the Modelling tools which are available to assist in Decision Making Processes Have some understanding of the World Wide Web and E-commerce Have some feel for the ‘environment’ of a computer system - security, privacy, recovery, maintenance Have some understanding of Communications - electronic messaging, protocols, ‘built in’ controls

17. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 16 What will you get from this unit ? But, you won’t get all this in 1 lecture - you’ll need to attend all 11 lectures and the tutorials in this Summer Semester unit.

18. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 17 Unit Requirements ASSIGNMENTS There are 3. 1 - on the use of the Library Access facilities (15%) 1 - a spreadsheet assignment (Excel) (15%) 1 - a short database assignment (20%) 50% and a brief introduction to PowerPoint - this is a ‘no credit’ task, but you should enjoy it. EXAMINATION A 2 hour exam. No notes, calculators (a) multi choice questions (b) software specific questions 50% (c) 4 essay-type questions

19. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 18 Your Input You will need to: 1. Attend Lectures 2. Attend Tutorials 3. Have access to the text - CSE 1720 Notes and Exercises (Summer Semester, 2005) Parker and Morley text - ‘Understanding Computers Today and Tomorrow’ Suggestions for your development: Excel 2002 ($79.95) Access Inside Out 2002 - Feddema ($115) Shelley Cashman Vermaat Office 2000 These, and others, are available in the Bookshop

20. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 19 Your Input 4. Use the Self Study period 5. Practise and develop your computing skills in the Laboratories or at home. 6. See your tutor by appointment if you have problems 7. Hand in your assignments ON TIME

21. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 20 Personal Skills You will need these skills in your careers: 1. Technical 2. Communication 3. Administrative 4. Personnel management 5. Planning 6. Intuitive Plus: Survival Anticipation, On-going education, Adopting and Adapting to new technology, Innovation, Opportunities

22. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 21 Your Skills The Major Objectives in Acquiring a Skill are But, To expand on it - What, When, Where, How and To use it effectively Which means in effect ‘ I am always learning’

23. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 22 Our Contacts with Computing Banking Health Services Leisure Activities - TAB, Tattslotto, Tabaret, Sporting Incomes/Tax/Superannuation/Deductions Motor Vehicles - Construction, Safety, Purchase, Insurance, Tracing, Simulators Traffic Flow Analyses - Road Toll Collections (City Link ?) Travel Credit and Credit Control Home Management Education

24. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 23 Our Contacts with Computing Education Library - Pleasure, Research Including the Internet Hospital Medical/Surgical Applications/Research Patient Care Administration Incapacitated/Handicapped Persons Government and Local Government Applications Communications - text, television, images, voice Automated Vehicle Guidance (AVG) etc etc etc.

25. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 24 Our Contacts with Computing All require good quality power and communications facilities

26. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 25 Computer Characteristics 1. Controlled Device (by the user and by software) 2. Perform Ranges of Mathematical and Logic Operations 3. Has the ability to store data and instruction in a ‘memory’ device 4. Can perform a linked series of operations 5. Can repeat this series until - interruption - no further data available

27. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 26 Computer Characteristics 6. Can vary (i) scope (ii) sequence depending on conditions detected 7. High speed of operation which is linked to Throughput 8. Used for a wide variety of processing applications OR can be used for a continuous single operation 9. Can be small, medium or large capacity 10. Can be fixed or mobile 11. Can be a single unit or multiple units

28. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 27 A System Probably the most used term in the discipline: PEOPLE + Input, Processing HARDWARE Storage, Output, Communications + SOFTWARE Applications - Payroll, Census + Systems - Operating System CONTROLS Database Communications

29. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 28 Terminology TIMEmillisecond 1/1,000 of a second microsecond 1/1,000,000 nanosecond 1/1,000,000,000 others: pica, femto second CAPACITY kilo byte = 1,000 bytes megabyte = 1,000,000 bytes gigabyte = 1,000,000,000 bytes terabytes = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes petabytes = 1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes a byte is almost the same as a character and exabytes, zettabytes and yottabytes (10 25 ) the newest measures.

30. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 29 Terminology Printing characters/second lines per minute pages per minute Communications bits/second (Mbits or Kbits/second) Mbps = megabits per second. MBps = Megabytes per second Processor Number of Millions of Instructions per second (100 to 2000+) Cycle rates : 75MHz 100MHz 200MHz 300MHz 450MHz 500MHz 600MHz.. 1500MHz 1.7GH, 3.4GH -------- > ??

31. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 30 4 Basic Categories Supercomputers Scientific and research laboratories NASA Large Web sites Weather data analyses and predictions A ‘supercomputer’ can be a cluster of multiple smaller computers - massively parallel processors One such ‘supercomputer’ has 8,192 Central Processing Units. Monash University is part of a consortium with 250 units in a cluster - high speed, complex calculations

32. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 31 4 Basic Categories Mainframe Computers Large organisations 24 hour a day, many tens of thousands of intermittent users High volume of transactions and records, multiple databases High end servers or Enterprise servers On Line Analysis Processing $500,000 to multi million dollar devices Can be networked - and invariably are.

33. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 32 4 Basic Categories Midrange Computers Also called minicomputers Cost $300,000 to $700,000 Support many and different processes, many users (~ 400 to 500) Can be clustered as in the University Oracle systems - Callista, SAP. You will be using this facility with your Oracle database exercises Are also used as Servers - as in database servers

34. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 33 Personal Computers Used widely in small and large businesses Productivity Tools - Analysis Tools Connected to Company networks and Internet connections Desktop Units - Bench top / Tower HP. IBM, Compaq, Dell Portable Units - Notebook, Tablet, Handheld (Palmtop), Pocket Network computers, Thin Client (not a Jennie Craig customer), Servers (support and drive a number of other PCs) Costs of single devices in the low thousands of dollars

35. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 34 Typical Business Management Reports Computer based systems are designed to produce a great variety of REPORTS to Management - more personally, to Managers and to Support Staff. Such reports can be hard copy (printed) or soft copy (viewed on a screen - which does not have to be the originating screen or site)

36. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 35 Typical Business Management Reports Financial Status Assets, Liabilities, Cash in Hand, Cash Flows Company Customer Information, Client Information, Competitor’s Information, Profit Margins Operational Status of the Company and its Employees - Standards, Productivity, Overheads, Market Rating Provision of Documentation to Government and other Regulatory bodies Revenue Payroll tax WorkCover Payments GST and BAS returns International Trade etc....…

37. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 36 Typical Business Management Reports Or, more generally, 1. Audit trails of activity such as transaction postings, user logins, table updates 2. Lists of items - charts of accounts, employees, inventory 3. Exception reports - top 10 customers, lowest profitability items 4. Business status snapshots - income statements, balance sheets 5. Content briefings which combine text, charts, tables, images These are time and frequency dependent and normally represent the logical end of a business process.

38. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 37 A Change toTypical Business Management Reporting NOTIFICATIONS : Occur as the result of an EVENT. Examples: Login successful You should now backup your system Your conference is due to start in 10 minutes Item SKZ31056 has reached reorder point Invoice 24.567.A45 is now 5 days overdue Such reports can be hard copy (printed) or soft copy (viewed on a screen - which does not have to be the originating screen)

39. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 38 A History Snapshot 415 B.C. Plato founds the Academy for the pursuit of science. Mathematical theory development commences 200 B.C. Chinese artisans develop automata, including an entire mechanical orchestra 1617 Napier’s Bones. Calculating machine 1642 Pascal develops the Pascaline. A machine which could add and subtract 1694 Leibnitz. Develops the Leibnitz Computer (multiplication by repetitive additions) 1805 Jacquard automates weaving with a series of data recorded in punched cards 1822 Babbage develops the ‘difference engine’

40. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 39 A History Snapshot 1832 Babbage invents the ANalytical Engine - the first computer 1840 Augusta Ada Lovelace (mathematician) introduces Binary as the form for data representation 1854 Paris and London connected by electric telegraph 1890 Hollerith uses punched cards for data capture and processing 1904 Fleming. First diode valve 1924 IBM appears. James Watson the Chief Executive Officer 1930 Vannevar Bush - Differential Analyser (military use in WWll - missile trajectories)

41. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 40 A History Snapshot 1937 Alan Turing - the Turing machine, a theoretical model of a computer 1940 Atanasoff and Berry - Electronic Computer ABC 1946 John von Neumann - publishes paper on stored- program concepts 1946 Eckert and Mauchley - ENIAC 1947 Schockley, Brittain and Ardeen develop the transistor 1951 EDVAC The first stored program computer (Eckert and Mauchley) 1955 Newell, Shaw and Simon - first artificial intelligence machine 1995 Beginning of the space program

42. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 41 A History Snapshot 1967 Fortran 1958 Jack St.Clair Kilby invents the first integrated circuit 1958-59 Kilby and Noyce develop ‘the chip’ 1959 Grace Hopper develops COBOL 1968 Intel Corporation formed 1970 Floppy disk introduced 1971 First microprocessor marketed 1971 First electronic spreadsheet. - Visicalc 1977 Apple ll marketed 1979 Hayes markets a modem 1981 First IBM microcomputer 1982 Kapor’s Lotus 1-2-3

43. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 42 A History Snapshot of Micomputer Chips Manufacturer Year Using Systems Speed (Mhz) Bits Intel 8088 1978 IBM PC, XT 4 - 8 8 Motorola 6800 1979 Macintosh 8 - 1632 Intel 80286 1982 PC/AT PS/2 8 - 2816 Motorola 68020 1984 Macintosh ll 16 - 3332 Sun Microsystems 1985 Sun Sparcstation 20 - 2516 Intel 80386DX 1985 IBM PS/2; 386 16 - 3332 Intel 80486DX 1989 IBM PS/2; 486 25 - 6632 Motorola 68040 1989 Macintosh Quadras 25 - 4032 IBM RISC 6000 1990 IBM RISC/6000 20 - 5064 Intel Pentium 1993 Compaq, IBM 60 -20064 Intel Pentium Pro 1996 IBM and clones 133 -30064 Intel Pentium ll 1997 IBM etc 233 -600 64 Intel Pentium lll 1998/9 IBM etc + Celeron 650 -855 64 Intel Pentium IV 2000 1700 64 and the 2000MHZ 2001 2200 64

44. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 43 In Perspective During this unit you will hear about other software such as Java, Javabeans, Applets HTML, SGML, SHTML C++, C,.net (or C#) XML, SXML Linux and some of the ‘Application Software Packages’ such as Oracle Financials and SAP and other software which isn’t Microsoft based

45. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 44 I.T and Your Future The following slides have some comments about the impact of Information Technology and the probable effect on you and your future and the need for you to be conversant and competent with the rapid changes in this technology

46. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 45 Why Computing ? A good question. Try this :- Creating Business Value Through Technology Developing Business Solutions to Deliver Competitive Advantage Increasing Productivity/Reducing back Office Costs Lowering Cost of Sales/ Increasing Business Intelligence

47. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 46 Why Computing / Information Technology ? Creating Business Value Through Technology Increasing I.T Development Productivity Managing Database Services 7 x 24 Avoiding Costly Implementation Mistakes Reducing Existing Infrastructure Costs

48. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 47 Why Organisations Invest In Information Projects  Supports explicit Business objectives  Has good internal rate of return  Has good net present value  Has reasonable payback period  Is used in response to competitive systems  Supports management decision making  Meets budgetary constraints

49. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 48 Why Organisations Invest In Information Projects  High probability of achieving benefits  Good accounting rate of return  Meets technical/system requirements  Supports legal/government requirements  Good profitability index  Introduces new technology

50. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 49 The Information Age Some characteristics: The computer is the dominant technology Computing intelligence is dispersed into all aspects which can be improved by being ‘smart’. Computerisation is called mechatronics (mechanical electronics) Technology gives products the capability to be customised and made responsive to each user

51. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 50 The Information Age The output of the current period is knowledge Products which are ‘information rich’ produces products which have a high level of attraction to users The basis of wealth is information. Information drives the creation of knowledge > which drives strategic actions > which create temporary competitive advantage for businesses.

52. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 51 The Information Age The ‘knowledge worker’ is the key to information A large part of the workforce is involved in collecting, processing and communication information The means of ‘moving things’ is communications networks Logistics is concerned with moving bits representing data and information as opposed to moving physical products

53. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 52 The Information Age The market place (where people gather to buy and sell products and services) has shifted from the physical marketplace to the marketspace - which is an electronic market place in cyberspace) Information based improvements become the main method of creating new products and services The value of existing goods and services is enhanced by information enhancement

54. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 53 And the Customers ? Customers are marketed, sold and serviced as individuals, not as statistical averages An accessible information highway, the Internet, permits global and interactive access to multimedia information

55. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 54 And People ? Convergence of information forms leads to ‘new’ ways of working and living Time and space constraints of markets collapse People live where they please They work with remote employers They purchase products from local or distant providers as required

56. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 55 The Industrial vs the Information Age Industrial Age : Information flow was physical and paper based Information Age : Information flow is virtual and digitised The result is the movement from manufacturing to knowledge as the key to societal wealth The end result is the global economy becoming merged and information-centric = globalisation ?

57. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 56 The Information Age 5 Primary Perspectives: 1. Technology Continued innovation in information technologies results in information technology addressing all forms of life 2. Economics The economy becomes information-centered. The creation of wealth is tied to the ability to create new information-based products and amend existing products with information 3. Employment There is a shift in numbers to knowledge workers. People make their living in creating, moving, analysing, interpreting or distributing information

58. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 57 The Information Age 4. Spatial World networking of computers leads to the collapse of the traditional market constraints of time and space. The world becomes a global marketspace 5. Cultural Society becomes media-laden. Information is readily available in multimedia formats, it can be customised easily and accurately, and it is interactive We expect information in forms which are readily accessible and convenient

59. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 58 The Information Age 3 associated technology changes drive the information age 1. Digitisation of information - regardless of form (audio,data, image, video) All information shares the same basis of construction It becomes transportable interoperable subject to interactive manipulation by the user

60. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 59 The Information Age 2. Rapidly decreasing cost of computing This ensures that computing will become – available – available everywhere (ubiquitous) – cost attractive 3. Broadband Communications Multimedia is storage intensive and time sensitive Gigabit communications (lecture 8) will give rise to efficiency and effectiveness of work

61. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 60 The Information Age Business is highly competitive Success is the objective Success can be achieved by advantage Advantage is expressed through the power and agility of information technology I.T. is now not seen as an expense - it is the means of attracting customers adding value to products improving productivity beating the competition

62. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 61 This Might Be Helpful Supply Chain Management My $$$$ SuppliersMy Customers Employees

63. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 62 Final Thoughts Industrial Age Advantage Mass Production Mass Marketing Customer Research Optimisation of Physical Value Chains Physical Collaboration with Suppliers Excellent Customer Service Physical Location Prompt Delivery of Physical Products to Door Knowledgeable sales Help IT Age Advantage Mass Customisation One-to-One Marketing Customer Participation Optimisation of Information Chain Information Collaboration with Suppliers Customer Self_service Virtual Globisation OnLine Delivery of Virtual Products Software Agents with acknowledgement to Bernard Boar, RCG Information Technology, who provided some of the basis for the materials

64. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 63 Courtroom Capers - Traffic Offences Q. Constable, when you stopped the defendant,were your vehicle’s red and blue lights flashing ? A. Yes, they were Q. And had you used the siren ? A. Yes, I had Q. And did the defendant say anything after getting out of the vehicle ? A. Yes Q. What was said ? A. The defendant said ‘Am I at the Casino ?’

65. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 64 Mistaken Identity ? A painter was hired to paint the porch of a holiday cottage a bright green, with vertical white where appropriate. The owner supplied the paint, and work commenced. A few hours later the work was finished and the painter handed back the surplus paint, and was paid. As he was leaving he said ‘That was a good job, but you have a Commodore, not a Porsche’

66. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 65 This is a RED ?????????? See you tomorrow, same place, same time That was a GREEN ??????????

67. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 66 Building Evacuation When the Building Alert Alarm System Activates - get ready When the Building Evacuation Alarm System Activates –Collect your belongings –Move out of the room using the Exits –Use the Stairs - NOT the Lifts or Escalators –Follow the directions of FLOOR WARDENS - if present –Move to the Lawn outside K Block (the common) –Wait for further instructions (if during the evening use your discretion) –TREAT EVERY EVACUATION ALERT as REAL

68. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 67 More Information Tutorials are in Laboratories B 3.42 B 3.42B B 3.43 B 3.45 and B 3.46 They run from 1.30pm to 3.00pm and are on 22/11, 23/11, 24/11 and 25/11 29/11, 30/11, 1/12 and 2/12 6/12, 7/12 and 8/12/2004 The examination is on Friday 10th December. It will start at 9.30m.

69. CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 68 And from a Doctor’s diary: Discharge Status : Alive but without my permission The website for the Unit materials is at http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/courseware/cse1720s