1. Energy and Electricity ES 303

2. The lifetime of a resource depends on… 1.How much we have 2.How fast we use it

4. What resources does the US have? Fossil fuels = – Oil – Coal – Natural Gas Why are we depleting our resources (running out)? – http://www.npr.org/news/specials/climate/video/ http://www.npr.org/news/specials/climate/video/

5. Energy is… – The ability to do work. IMPORTANT ENERGY CONCEPTS 1.Energy is neither created or destroyed. 2.Energy is lost as heat as it gets transferred or changes form.

6. Energy Resources Renewable Energy – Hydroelectric – Wind – Solar – Biofuels – Hydrogen fuel cell – Geothermal Nonrenewable Energy – Oil – Coal – Natural gas

7. What is energy used for? Transportation Manufacturing HeatingElectricity

8. Can you make it work? What is causing the ball to light up? Where is the power coming from?

9. Can you light the lightbulb? Make a circuit = energy CIRCLE

10. Electricity The movement of electrons. Created by moving wires (electrons) through a magnetic field.

11. Energy is needed to make electricity Where does the supply of electrons come from? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AbUjieMLFSo Can you list the steps to create electricity?

12. How Fossil Fuels Are Formed

14. Uses of Fossil Fuels

16. Electricity Production Coal/oil/natural gas fired power plants 1.Burn fossil fuel to make heat. 2.Heat boils water to make steam. 3.High pressured steam turns a turbine. 4.Moving turbine turns the generator (magnets and wires). 5.The magnet creates a flow of electrons = Electricity! 6.Moving electrons sent through wires to houses, schools, etc. Can you order the pictures correctly?

17. Turbine and Generator

19. What is a watt? 1 watt = energy to lift 100 g (or 1 Newton) in 1.0 seconds. It is a measure of energy over time 1 kWh = one kilowatt of electricity over 1 hour

20. It takes energy to get energy Before it’s useful… Oil must be  1.Found 2.Pumped 3.Transported 4.Refined 5.Transported 6.burned

21. Net energy DEFINITION: Total useful energy available from the resource over its lifetime minus the amount of energy used and wasted Example: – 10 units of energy in oil in ground – Use 8 units to find, extract, process, transport – 2 units of net energy available

23. Do you have any vampires in your house?

24. What if I left my computer on every night… How much energy would it consume? Assume 14 hours In “sleep” mode, the computer draws 4 watts/hour How much would it cost the district per day? Per year? 1 kWh costs $0.15 What if all computers at the school were left on? Energy consumed? Cost to district? Around 200 computers at UDHS

25. How can changing a light bulb reduce greenhouse gases?

26. What’s the difference?

27. Energy Efficiency Amount of energy that gets converted to useful energy.

28. Light bulb or heat bulb?

31. Two sides to everything. http:// www.mnn.com/earth-matters/translating-uncle-sam/stories/cfl-vs-incandescent-battle-of-the-bulb

33. Byproducts of electrical generation Burning coal  Air: Mercury, CO2, SO2, NO2, fly ash  Water: thermal pollution, acid rain  Ground: bottom ash

34. Example of the Laws of Conservation of Matter and Thermodynamics Global Warming Acid Rain Smog Burning Coal = CO 2 + SO + H 2 0 + Ash + (C x H x S x O x ) Light + Noise + Heat

36. 2 nd Energy Concept When energy changes form, some useful energy is always lost as heat. EX: Only 5-10% of the electricity flowing through an incandescent light bulb is converted to light energy (the rest is heat).

37. Simple Solutions…

38. Sources of electricity

39. http://www.ted.com/initiatives/aws/soccket.html

40. Example of the Matter and Energy Laws Global Warming Acid Rain Smog Burning Coal = CO 2 + SO + H 2 0 + Ash + (C x H x S x O x ) Light + Noise + Heat

41. Cartoon: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OqVyRa1iuMchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OqVyRa1iuMc

42. What processes involve the transfer of carbon?

43. Carbon Cycle Drawing Make your own, UNIQUE, drawing of the carbon cycle. Include the following: – Photosynthesis, decomposition, respiration, combustion (LABEL ALL) – Include yourself somewhere in the cycle – Point out where humans interfere/alter the carbon cycle

44. What does this sticker mean?

45. What can you do?

46. What is your guess? Fossil fuel powerWind / solar power Nuclear powerHydroelectric power 1.Out of the energy sources above, which is used the most worldwide? Least? 2.Guess what percentage each source contributes to the world’s energy supply. 3.Create a graph.

48. Energy In ≠ Energy Out