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What Is a Computer? How is a computer defined?

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Presentation on theme: "What Is a Computer? How is a computer defined?"— Presentation transcript:

1 What Is a Computer? How is a computer defined?
Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory Accepts data Raw facts Processes data into information Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful Produces and stores results p. 3 Next

2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
What are the advantages of using computers? Reliability Speed Consistency Storage Communications p. 5 Next

3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
What are the disadvantages of using computers? Violation of Privacy Impact on Labor Force Health Risks Impact on Environment p. 5 Next

4 What Is a Computer? What is the information processing cycle? Input
Output Storage Communication p. 5 Fig. 1-2 Next

5 The Components of a Computer
What is an input device? Hardware used to enter data and instructions Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Input Devices below Chapter 1 p. 6 Fig. 1-3 Next

6 The Components of a Computer
What is an output device? Hardware that conveys information to one or more people Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Output Devices below Chapter 1 p. 7 Fig. 1-3 Next

7 The Components of a Computer
What is the system unit? Box-like case containing electronic components used to process data p. 7 Fig. 1-3 Next

8 The Components of a Computer
What are two main components on the motherboard? Central Processing Unit (CPU) Also called a processor The electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer Memory Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions p. 7 Next

9 The Components of a Computer
What is storage? Holds data, instructions, and information for future use Storage media Physical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored Storage device Records and retrieves items to and from a storage medium p. 7 Next

10 The Components of a Computer
What is storage media? Hard Disks CDs Floppy Disks Memory Cards DVDs USB Flash Drives p. 7 Next

11 The Components of a Computer
What is a storage device? Records (writes) items to storage media Retrieves (reads) items from storage media p. 7 Next

12 The Components of a Computer
What is a floppy disk? Thin, circular, flexible disk enclosed in rigid plastic shell p. 7 Next

13 The Components of a Computer
What is a USB flash drive? Provides much greater storage capacity than a floppy disk Small and lightweight enough to be transported on a keychain or in a pocket p. 7 Next

14 The Components of a Computer
What is a hard disk? Provides greater storage capacity than a floppy disk and USB flash drive Most are housed inside of the system unit p. 7 Fig. 1-4 Next

15 The Components of a Computer
What is a compact disc? Flat, round, portable disc CD Disc DVD Disc p. 7 Fig. 1-5 Next

16 The Components of a Computer
What is a communications device? Hardware component that enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information Occurs over cables, telephone lines, cellular radio networks, satellites, and other transmission media Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Communications Devices below Chapter 1 p. 8 Next

17 Networks and the Internet
A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together To share Resources Hardware devices Software programs To save time and money Data Information p. 8 Next

18 Networks and the Internet
What is the Internet? Worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Internet below Chapter 1 p. 8 Fig. 1-6 Next

19 Networks and the Internet
Why do users access the Internet? Communications Information Shopping Banking and Investing Classes Entertainment 7. Download Music 8. Share Information p. 9 Fig. 1-7 Next

20 Networks and the Internet
What is the Web? Billions of documents, called Web pages, available to anyone connected to the Internet A Web site is a collection of related Web pages You can share information by creating Web pages or posting photos on a photo sharing community A podcast is recorded audio stored on a Web site that can be downloaded A Web page contains text, graphics, audio, video, and links to other Web pages Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Blogs below Chapter 1 p. 10 Next

21 Computer Software What is software?
Consists of a series of instructions that tells the computer what to do Also called a program p. 10 Next

22 Computer Software What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
Allows you to interact with the software using graphics and icons Controls how you enter data and how the screen displays information p. 10 Fig. 1-8 Next

23 Computer Software What is system software?
Programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices Operating System (OS) is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices and allows users to run application software Utility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs p Next

24 Presentation Graphics
Computer Software Programs that perform specific tasks for users What is application software? Word Processing Spreadsheet Database Presentation Graphics Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Application Software below Chapter 1 p. 11 Fig. 1-9 Next

25 Computer Software How do you install and run programs? Step 1: INSTALL
Step 2: RUN Once installed, you can instruct the computer to run the greeting card program. The computer transfers instructions from the hard disk to memory. Step 1: INSTALL When you insert a greeting card program disc in the CD drive for the first time, the computer begins the procedure of installing the greeting card program on the hard disk. Step 3: USE The greeting card program executes. Using this program, you can create custom greeting cards. p Fig. 1-10 Next

26 Computer Software What is a programmer?
Someone who develops application or system software What is a programmer? Programmer writes the instructions to direct the computer to process data into information p. 12 Fig. 1-11 Next

27 Categories of Computers
What are the categories of computers? Personal Computers (desktop) Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Servers Mainframes Supercomputers p. 13 Next

28 Personal Computers What are the two most popular series of personal computers? Apple Macintosh uses the Macintosh operating system (Mac OS) PC and compatibles use the Windows operating system Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Personal Computers below Chapter 1 p. 14 Figs. 1-13–1-14 Next

29 Personal Computers What is a desktop computer?
Designed so all of the components fit on or under a desk or table What is a desktop computer? p. 14 Fig. 1-13 Next

30 Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Portable, small enough to fit on your lap Also called a laptop computer Generally more expensive than a desktop computer What is a notebook computer? p Fig. 1-15 Next

31 Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Resembles a letter-sized slate What is a Tablet PC? Allows you to write on the screen using a digital pen Especially useful for taking notes p. 15 Fig. 1-16 Next

32 Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What is a handheld computer? Small enough to fit in one hand Used by mobile employees such as meter readers and delivery people p. 15 Next

33 Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Provides personal organizer functions Calendar Appointment book Address book Calculator Notepad What is a personal digital assistant (PDA)? p. 15 Fig. 1-17 Next

34 Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What are smart phones? A smart phone is an Internet-enabled telephone that usually provides PDA capabilities p. 16 Figs. 1-18 Next

35 Servers What types of servers are there?
A server controls access to network resources and provides centralized storage What types of servers are there? Mainframe Very powerful, expensive computer that supports thousands of computers Supercomputer The fastest, most powerful, most expensive computer. Used for applications requiring complex mathematical calculations p Figs. 1-20–1-22 Next

36 Computer Applications in Society
What are some examples of computer applications in society? Education Finance Government Healthcare Science Publishing Travel Manufacturing p Figs. 1-30–1-37 Next

37 Summary of Introduction to Computers
The computer and its components Categories of computers What is a network? Computer applications in society The Internet and the World Wide Web Types of software Chapter 1 Complete


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