1. EMEP INTENSIVE MEASUREMENT PERIODS IN CLOSE PARTNERSSHIP WITH EU PROJECTS Wenche Aas, Andres Alastuey, Francesco Canonaco, Fabrizia Cavalli, Franco Lucarelli, Eiko Nemitz, André S.H. Prévôt, Jean-Philippe Putaud, David Simpson, Cathrine Lund Myhre, Xavier Querol, Svetlana Tsyro, Karl Espen Yttri

2. EMEP intensive measurement periods To assist the implementation of the EMEP monitoring strategy. The task force of measurement and modelling (TFMM) has recommended conducting co-ordinated intensive measurements between the Level-2 sites (joint EMEP/GAW supersites). Furthermore, cooperation and involvement of research groups with more advanced research activities (i.e. level 3) has been encouraged 2nd Period  17 Sep – 16 Oct 2008  25 Feb – 26 Mar 2009 3rd Period  8 to July 12(17) 2012  11 jan - 8 Febr 2013 1 st Period  1 - 30 of June 2006  8 Jan -4 Feb 2007 Outline of this talk Some main results from the different measurement periods  highlight the interlink with research projects  Highlight the importance of infrastructure project to develop harmonized methodology and reporting guidelines in Europe

3. Intensive measurements 2006/2007

4. Data available from 2006/2007

5. Chemical speciation comparison Measurements of organic carbon is much higher than modeled, especially in winter Indications of problems with official emission estimates Not complete chemical analysis of measurements in Switzerland Model suggests that mineral dust can be important in the summer

6. Lessons learnt from the 1. EMEP IMP Produced a set of valuable data and new possibilities for validation of the EMEP model, In particular: size-distribution and formation rates of HNO 3 and coarse nitrate the diurnal variation of ammonia, EMEP model to be coupled to a dynamic ammonia emission module underestimation of EC and OC at southern sites, suggesting that residential wood burning source is underestimated in winter Identified several measurement problems Lack of mineral dust measurements Biased measurements for nitrogen and carbonaceous matter Lack of comparability No standardized reporting format Improved in future intensive periods

7. Intensive periods 2008 and 2009

8. Sites with AMS measurements in the EUCAARI campaigns 2008/2009

10. Relative organic source contributions (ME-2 results).

11. EMEP IMP 2008/2009 - The Carbonaceous Aerosol Source apportionment of the carbonaceous aerosol by using weekly data on EC, OC p, TC p, levoglucosan and the 14 C/ 12 C as input for the statistical method Latin Hypecube Sampling (LHS) Weekly measurement and centralized laboratories and/or harmonized method (i.e EUSAAR-2)

12. Relative contribution to the carbonaceous fraction in PM 10 05.10.09 Winter/ spring Fall Five predefined subcategories/sources. Elemental and organic carbon from  combustion of biomass (EC bb and OC bb )  fossil fuel sources (EC ff and OC ff ),  organic carbon from natural sources (OC nf ).

13. Intensive periodes 2012 and 2013  June 8 to July 12(7) 2012, and jan/febr 2013  One year measurements with ACSM (from june 2012)  High resolution, and extended measurements of aerosols and its precursors (ACTRIS) while EMEP has a special focus on mineral dust.  A cooperation between EMEP TFMM (http://www.nilu.no/projects/ccc/tfmm/http://www.nilu.no/projects/ccc/tfmm/ ACTRIS (http://www.actris.net/)http://www.actris.net ChArMeX (http://charmex.lsce.ipsl.fr). http://charmex.lsce.ipsl.fr EARLINET Pegasos (http://pegasos.iceht.f orth.gr/http://pegasos.iceht.f orth.gr/

14. ACTRIS

15. Distribution of sites 05.10.09 +Armenia

16. Speciation of PM 10, summer 2012 Mineral dust: centralized lab using PIXE – laboratory in Florence. - Scientific lead: Xavier Querol and Andres Alestuey, CSIC Inorganic ions (regular EMEP) Carbonaceous EC/OC (EMEP + extra) Carbonate (Lead by JP Putaud and Fabrizia Cavalli, JRC )

17. Mineral dust (june 2012) (µg/m 3 ) Mineral load: obtained by the addition of the SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, Fe 2 O 3 concentrations, and the dust contribution of Na 2 O, K 2 O, CaO and MgO after the subtraction of their marine contribution from the bulk concentrations 7,2

18. African dust episodes

19. From Lucia Mona –CNR-IMAA, Potenza

20. Trace metals: fuel oil combustion ng/m 3

21. Trace metals: mixed origin fuel oil combustion metallurgical origin

22. Trace metals: traffic origin ng/m 3

23. Trace metals: coal combustion

24. Sulphate fuel oil combustion coal combustion

25. Data quality and quality control Essential to have harmonized measurements to be able to do comparison over time and space Standard operation procedures and reference methods developed Regular field and laboratory intercomparison Reporting guidlines Monitoring frameworks: Infrastructure projects

27. Summary  The EMEP intensive measurement periods have become an important part of the monitoring programme  Production of high resolution and/or advanced measurement (EUCAARI and ACTRIS).  Production of chemical composition data on mineral dust and carbonaceous matter using comparable field and analytical methodology at a number of regional background sites representative of different European regions  Established reporting guidelines and QA/QC procedures for a range of new components for the EMEP Community (EUSAAR and ACTRIS project central)  Enhanced the cooperation between the research and monitoring communities – win win, co benefit:  EMEP benefits from the scientific development and development of reference methods and reporting  Research projects benefits from infrastructure and added value of the data (increased visibility). Partnership is often a prerequisite to get funding from the Commission  Data available at: http://ebas.nilu.no/http://ebas.nilu.no/  Future campaigns are not fixed. Potentially in 2016, though need partnerships