1. Introduction to Classroom Management
ACED 4800
Student Teaching Seminar
Web-Based Training: Section I
Developed by Iris Ellis

2. Important Topics Need for classroom management Definitions
Student needs that affect behavior
Trends in classroom management

3. Is There a Need?
In the 1999 Gallup Poll, “Lack of discipline/more control” was rated as the biggest problem facing public schools.”
47% of all teenagers stated their schools were becoming more violent.
Phi Delta Kappa polled teachers and reported that 50% felt that talking back to and disobeying teachers occurred frequently.
Cotton 1992 found that nearly half of classroom time involves activities other than instruction.

4. classroom or laboratory?
How about your
classroom or laboratory?

5. Definitions
Classroom Management: The process of establishing and maintaining an effective learning environment.
Successful teachers place more emphasis on classroom management than on their roles as authority figures or disciplinarians.

6. Definitions
Discipline: Training that is expected to produce a specified character or pattern of behavior. Controlled behavior.
Rules: A principle of conduct observed by members of a group.

7. Definitions
A Good Website For Lots of Great Information on Classroom Management is

8. Definitions
Procedures: A set of established methods for conducting the affairs of a business or classroom.
Climate: A prevailing condition in human affairs.
Classrooms that have a climate of competitiveness, hostility, and alienation cause anxiety and discomfort and do not facilitate the intellectual development of many students.
Classrooms in which students and teachers support one another facilitate the development of self-esteem.

9. Student Needs
Maslow
Suggests that there is a hierarchy of basic human needs.
Lower-level needs generally take precedence over higher-order needs.
People are basically good and that they have an innate need to be competent and accepted.
Unproductive behavior is not an indication of a bad child but rather as a reaction to the frustration of basic needs not being met.

11. Maslow 1) Physiological: hunger, thirst, bodily comforts, etc.;
2) Safety/security: out of danger;
3) Belongingness and Love: affiliate with others, be accepted;
4) Esteem: to achieve, be competent, gain approval and recognition.

12. Student Needs
Topper provided a list based on research and interviews with students.
Friends who care for you
Fun and challenging things to do
Having choices and learning how to make choices
Physical well-being
Status and a “cool” reputation
Unconditional love, someone who will always be your advocate

13. Student Needs
Lipsitz wrote extensively on the needs of early adolescents in the school environment.
Diversity
Opportunities for self-exploration and self-definition
Meaningful participation in school and community
Positive social interaction with peers and adults
Physical Activity
Competence and achievement
Structure and clear limits

14. Major Trends/Theories
The Counseling Approach (1960 – 1970)
Emphasis on discipline
Teacher training focused on what to do AFTER students misbehaved
William Glasser developed “reality therapy”
Based on the belief that young people need caring professionals
Young people need help taking responsibility for their behavior and help developing a plan aimed at altering their unproductive conduct

15. Major Trends/Theories
Behavioristic Methods (1970 – 1980)
The focus of classroom discipline moved in the direction of teacher control.
Teachers were taught to ignore inappropriate behavior while reinforcing appropriate behavior
Canter presented Assertive Discipline.
Teachers learned to state clear general behavioral expectations
And, to teach students how to behave properly

16. Major Trends/Theories
Lee and Marlene Canter’s Assertive Discipline, continued
Teachers must model and directly teach proper behavior.
Negative consequences are penalties teachers invoke when students violate class expectations.
Three types of teachers
Hostile
Nonassertive
Assertive

17. Major Trends/Theories
Teacher-Effectiveness Research (1970s)
Emphasized not what teachers did in response to misbehavior but how teachers prevented or contributed to students’ misbehavior.
Focused on three sets of teacher behavior:
Organizing & managing activities
Presenting instructional material
Teacher-student relationships

18. Major Trends/Theories
Integration of Approaches
The behavioral tradition has been characterized by adding the following to teacher training
Beginning the school year
Working with parents
Helping students with homework
Brophy 1996, highlighted the blending of teacher effectiveness research with the emphasis on creating caring communities of support.

19. Conclusion
Teachers need to continually upgrade their skills in motivating and managing students.
Research in classroom management has expanded dramatically during the past twenty years.
In other words, there are no easy answers to all problems we will encounter.

20. Instructions:
Return to the Classroom Management Webpage
Continue with Step 2, the activity
Good luck!