1. Scientific Council 19.01.2006 A. Olchevski JINR Particle Physics road map  ensure scientific excellence of JINR  maximise the scientific output within the resources  support and develop existing facilities and infrastructure The role of the Road Map is to:

2. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Worldwide Priorities in particle physics  the origin of mass;  the properties of neutrinos and astro(particle)physics;  the properties of the strong interaction including properties of nuclear matter;  the origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe;  the unification of particles and forces including gravity;

3. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski JINR particle physics programme and worldwide Priorities in particle physics Priorities in particle phys  the origin of mass;  the properties of neutrinos; astrophysics neutrinos; astrophysics  the properties of the strong interaction the strong interaction including properties of including properties of nuclear matter; nuclear matter;  the origin of the matter-antimatter matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe; asymmetry in the universe;  the unification of particles and forces including gravity; and forces including gravity; JINR particle physics: Heavy and light ion physics Nucleon (spin) structure Non perturbative QCD Rare processes (K decays, CP violation) Hadron and lepton colliders physics Neutrino physics, astrophysics

4. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Theoretical physics In order JINR shall play a leading role in particle physics, it is important that theoretical research is closely related to and supporting the experimental program. Computing Also an effective participation in physics analysis of experiments requires adequate computing infrastructure and connectivity.

5. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski ThemeCurrent projectsIn-build projectsFuture projects Origin of mass Higgs boson Top quark TEVATRON (CDF,D0)LHC (ATLAS, CMS)High Lumi LHC Linear Collider Properties of neutrinos, astrophysics Neutrino oscillations, astrophysics CERN PS (HARP) BOREXINO CERN / GRAN SASSO (OPERA) TUS/NUCLEON New generation neutrino and astrophysics experiments Properties of the strong interaction Phase transitions in nuclear matter NUCLOTRON (DELTA, MARUSYA) RHIC(PHENIX, STAR) CERN SPS (NA49) GSI (HADES) NUCLOTRON (DELTA) IHEP U-70 (TERMALIZATION) LHC (ALICE) FAIR (CBM) High Lumi LHC Nucleon (spin) structure HERA (H1, HERMES) CERN SPS (COMPASS) NUCLOTRON (PIKASO, LNS) NUCLOTRON (NIS)FAIR (PAX) Non perturbative QCD NUCLOTRON (PIKASO, LNS) CERN PS (DIRAC) IKP JULICH (ANKE) NUCLOTRON (Phe3)FAIR (PANDA) Origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe K mesons CP and T violation, rare decays CERN SPS (NA48/2) KEK (NP04) CERN SPS (NA48/3) IHEP U-70 (OKA) High Lumi LHC B mesons CP violation TEVATRON (CDF,D0)LHC (ATLAS, CMS) Unification of particles and forces SUSY Compositeness Extra dimensions TEVATRON (CDF,D0)LHC (ATLAS, CMS)High Lumi LHC No. projects 18117

6. Scientific Council 19.01.2006 A. Olchevski Thermal history of the Universe 2.7 0 K BECQUEREL PHENIX STAR NA49 FAZA MARUSYA ALICE NA45 CMS LHC RHIC SPS NUCLOTRON Life Sciences State of Nuclear Matter

7. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Mixed Phase of Nuclear Matter Central Pb +Pb collisions (V.Toneev et al.) Mixed Phase Nuclotron the temperature and baryon density of the matter formed during the collision of nuclei with atomic numbers ~ 200 at the collision energies ~ 5 GeV/nucleon can be sufficient for the mixed phase formation. State of Nuclear Matter

8. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus- nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX collaboration Authors: PHENIX Collaboration, K. Adcox, et al Experimental and Theoretical Challenges in the Search for the Quark Gluon Plasma: The STAR Collaboration's Critical Assessment of the Evidence from RHIC Collisions Authors: STAR Collaboration: J. Adams, et al State of Nuclear Matter RHIC Scientists Serve Up “Perfect” Liquid New state of matter more remarkable than predicted -- raising many new questions April 18, 2005 TAMPA, FL -- The four detector groups conducting research at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) -- a giant atom “smasher” located at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory -- say they’ve created a new state of hot, dense matter out of the quarks and gluons that are the basic particles of atomic nuclei, but it is a state quite different and even more remarkable than had been predicted. In peer-reviewed papers summarizing the first three years of RHIC findings, the scientists say that instead of behaving like a gas of free quarks and gluons, as was expected, the matter created in RHIC’s heavy ion collisions appears to be more like a liquid.Relativistic Heavy Ion Colliderpeer-reviewed papers

9. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski ALICE Physics Goals ALICE PPR, 2004, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 30, 1517-1763 ➮ Heavy ion observables in ALICE  Particle multiplicities  Particle spectra  Particle correlations  Fluctuations  Jet physics  Direct photons  Dileptons  Heavy-quark and quarkonium production ➮ p-p and p-A physics in ALICE ➮ Physics of ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions ➮ Contribution of ALICE to cosmic-ray physics

10. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski JINR team has leading positions in some physics tasks. Convener of one of the Alice physics groups is JINR physicist Y. Belikov. JINR team has leading positions in some physics tasks. Convener of one of the Alice physics groups is JINR physicist Y. Belikov. New adequate transport model and hydro calculations is under creation now in Dubna ALICE group together with our collegues: R.Lednicky, N.Amelin (Dubna), Y.Sinyukov (Kiev). Momentum correlations (HBT) G.I.Kopylov & M.I.Podgorecky suggested to study the space - time parameters of sources producing identical particles Dileptons Dileptons The increase of  width by factor 3 (D.Lissauer and E.Shuryak, 1991) and decrease of  and  masses by up to 150 MeV /c2 (M.Asakava and S.M.Ko, 1994) because of partial chiral symmetry restoration during the first-order phase transition to the QGP or to the mixed phase (preQGP) according to the conception of A.N.Sisakyan, A.S.Sorin and G.M.Zinoviev. ALICE Physics Goals (cont.)

11. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski State of Nuclear Matter Running experiments NUCLOTRON (JINR) experiments MARUSYA, DELTA NUCLOTRON (JINR) experiments MARUSYA, DELTA the temperature and baryon density of the matter formed during the collision of nuclei with atomic numbers ~ 200 at the collision energies ~ 5 GeV/nucleon can be sufficient for the mixed phase formation. the temperature and baryon density of the matter formed during the collision of nuclei with atomic numbers ~ 200 at the collision energies ~ 5 GeV/nucleon can be sufficient for the mixed phase formation. THERMALIZATION (IHEP, JINR) THERMALIZATION (IHEP, JINR) STAR, PHENIX (BNL) STAR, PHENIX (BNL) a new state of dense and hot nuclear matter discovered (reported on April 18, 2005) In build experiment: ALICE (CERN) ALICE (CERN) Future project: NUCLOTRON NUCLOTRON CBM (FAIR) CBM (FAIR)

12. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Nucleon (spin) structure Generalized Parton Distributions (GPD) This subject has a long and succesfull tradition in JINR starting with NA4 experiment at CERN, HERMES at DESY and today COMPASS

13. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Nucleon (spin) structure

14. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Nucleon spin structure HERMES (DESY) HERMES (DESY) Running experiment: COMPASS (CERN) COMPASS (CERN) First Measurement of the Transverse Spin Asymmetries of the Deuteron STAR STAR Future experiments: NUCLOTRON NUCLOTRON COMPASS after 2010 COMPASS after 2010 Experiments at U-70 Experiments at U-70 PAX (FAIR) PAX (FAIR)

15. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Experiment DIRAC (CERN) proposed by JINR and lead by L. Nemenov Nonperturbative QCD

16. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Nonperturbative QCD Running experiments: DIRAC (CERN) DIRAC (CERN) NA48/2 (also measured pion scattering length) NA48/2 (also measured pion scattering length) Hadron programm of COMPASS Hadron programm of COMPASS NUCLOTRON experiments NIS, etc. (JINR) NUCLOTRON experiments NIS, etc. (JINR)Future: NUCLOTRON NUCLOTRON PANDA (FAIR) PANDA (FAIR)

17. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Rare processes (K decays, CP violation) JINR participation in CERN experiment NA48 world best measurement of direct CP violation in K0 decays

18. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Rare processes (K decays, CP violation) JINR participation in CERN experiment NA48/2 Spokesperson: V. Kekelidze world best limit on direct CP violation direct CP violation in charged K decays in charged K decays

19. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Rare processes (K decays, CP violation) JINR participation in KEK experiment E391a world best limit on K°->π°νν K°->π°νν

20. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Rare processes (K decays, CP violation) Current projects: NA48/2 NA48/2 KEK experiment KEK experiment E391a Future project: NA 48/3 NA 48/3 OKA at U-70 OKA at U-70 New experiments at CERN SPS New experiments at CERN SPS CP violation in B decays: CDF and D0 experiments CDF and D0 experiments Atlas and CMS Atlas and CMS

21. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Standard Model and beyond Top mass measurement,Top mass measurement, Higgs boson searches,Higgs boson searches, SUSY searches,SUSY searches, extra dimensions,...extra dimensions,...

22. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski JINR physicists contributed significantly to these results: Higgs searches in LEP experiments;Higgs searches in LEP experiments; Electroweak fits;Electroweak fits; Measurements of W mass in LEP experiments;Measurements of W mass in LEP experiments; Measurement of the top mass in CDF and D0Measurement of the top mass in CDF and D0 Standard Model and beyond

23. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski The State of the Higgs: Summer 2005 (J. Ellis talk at ICFA meeting) Direct search limit: m H > 114 GeV Direct search limit: m H > 114 GeV Electroweak fit sensitive to m t Electroweak fit sensitive to m t Currently m t = 172.7 ± 2.9 GeV (previously m t = 178 → 174.3) Best-fit value: m H = 91 +45 –32 GeV Best-fit value: m H = 91 +45 –32 GeV 95% confidence-level upper limit: 95% confidence-level upper limit: m H < 186 GeV, or 219 GeV including direct limit Standard Model and beyond

24. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Dubna JINR CDF group had a leading role in the most precise top quark mass measurement CDF and D0 experiments

25. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski ATLAS Physics The various Higgs boson searches, which resent some of the most challenging signatures, were used as benchmark processes for the setting of parameters that describe the detector performance. High-resolution measurements of electrons, photons and muons, excellent secondary vertex detection for t-leptons and b-quarks, high-resolution calorimetry for jets and missing transverse energy (ET miss) are essential to explore the full range of possible Higgs boson masses. The various Higgs boson searches, which resent some of the most challenging signatures, were used as benchmark processes for the setting of parameters that describe the detector performance. High-resolution measurements of electrons, photons and muons, excellent secondary vertex detection for t-leptons and b-quarks, high-resolution calorimetry for jets and missing transverse energy (ET miss) are essential to explore the full range of possible Higgs boson masses. Searches for SUSY set the benchmarks on the hermeticity and ET miss capability of the detector, as well as on b-tagging at high luminosity. Searches for SUSY set the benchmarks on the hermeticity and ET miss capability of the detector, as well as on b-tagging at high luminosity. Searches for new heavy gauge bosons provided benchmark requirements for high-resolution lepton measurements and charge identification in the pT range as large as a few TeV. Searches for new heavy gauge bosons provided benchmark requirements for high-resolution lepton measurements and charge identification in the pT range as large as a few TeV. Signatures characteristic for quark compositeness set the requirements for the measurement of very high-pT jets. Signatures characteristic for quark compositeness set the requirements for the measurement of very high-pT jets. The precision measurements of the W and top-quark masses, gauge boson couplings, CP violation and the determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi- Maskawa unitarity triangle yielded benchmarks that address the need to precisely control the energy scale for jets and leptons, determine precisely secondary vertices, reconstruct fully final states with relatively low-pT particles and trigger on low-pT leptons. The precision measurements of the W and top-quark masses, gauge boson couplings, CP violation and the determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi- Maskawa unitarity triangle yielded benchmarks that address the need to precisely control the energy scale for jets and leptons, determine precisely secondary vertices, reconstruct fully final states with relatively low-pT particles and trigger on low-pT leptons.

26. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski JINR Physics activities in CMS: B-physics (Bs  J/   +  - K+K-) – JINR + Belarus Higgs (  ZZ  ll ) – Ukraine QCD (jet physics, diffraction) – JINR + Armenia + Belarus Heavy Ions – JINR + Georgia Special interest – dimuons with TeV invariant mass CMS experiment

27. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Beam Energy Measurement Beam Energy Measurement Forward Calorimeter Forward Calorimeter Forward Tracking Forward Tracking Hadron Calorimeter Hadron Calorimeter Physics Physics JINR participation in International Linear Collider Physics and Detector R&D

28. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Standard Model and beyond Current projects: Current projects: CDF, D0 CDF, D0 In build projects: In build projects: LHC ATLAS, CMS LHC ATLAS, CMS Future: Future: International Linear Collider International Linear Collider Top mass measurement, Higgs boson searches, SUSY searches, extra dimensions,... Very clear road in this subject:

29. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski An Example There are several elements which can be used for neutrino radiation in the suggested investigation. Chlorine and Bromine, for example, fulfil reasonably well the desired conditions. The reactions of interest would be: + 37Cl   + 37 Ar + 79,81Br   + 79,81Kr 37Ar  37Cl79,81Kr  79,81Br (34 days; K capture)(34 h; emission of positrons of 0.4 MeV) The experiment with Chlorine, for example, would consist in irradiating with neutrinos a large volume of Chlorine or Carbon Tetra-Chloride, for a time of the order of one month, and extracting the radioactive 37Ar from such volume by boiling. The radioactive argon would be introduced inside a small counter; the counting efficiency is close to 100%, because of the high Auger electron yield. National Research Council of Canada, Division of Atomic Energy. Chalk River, 1946, Report PD-205. Neutrino physics and astrophysics Neutrino physics in JINR has been established by Bruno Pontecorvo – the inventor of neutrino detection and their oscillations.

30. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Neutrino physics and astrophysics Major features of the solar electron neutrino deficit is now understood (SNO) Antineutrino oscillates the same way as neutrino (Kamland) SNO, SuperKamiokande, KamLAND and Borexino will provide results in the next few years that may point toward a next generation of non-accelerator experiments. Neutrino oscillations – the first confirmed laboratory evidence for Physics beyond the Standard Model

31. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski - Measurement of neutrino mass and its Majorana/Dirac origin - Measurement of θ13 in a new reactor experiment - Measurement of θ13 in a new reactor experiment Contemporary topics in neutrino physics: - Appearance oscillation experiments Neutrino physics and astrophysics

32. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Neutrino physics and astrophysics The aim of the NUCLEON Project is direct CR measurements in the energy range 1011-1015 eV and charge range up to Z»40 in the near- Earth space to resolve mainly the knee problem in CR spectrum.

33. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Neutrino physics and astrophysics Completed experiments: NOMAD, HARP NOMAD, HARP Neutrino cross section, π/K production cross sections Current experiment: Borexino – solar neutrino physics Borexino – solar neutrino physics In Build: OPERA - tau neutrino appearance OPERA - tau neutrino appearance TUS/NUCLON – space astroparticle physics experiment TUS/NUCLON – space astroparticle physics experimentFuture: New generation neutrino and astrophysics experiment New generation neutrino and astrophysics experiment

34. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski CURRENT RESOURCES REQUESTS IN JINR PARTICLE PHYSICS

35. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski

36. Scientific Council 19.01.2006A. Olchevski Conclusions JINR program in particle physics covers the current particle physics priorities. JINR program in particle physics covers the current particle physics priorities. The program is carried both in JINR and member states as well as in the largest accelerator centers. In projects outside Dubna JINR physicists play an important role, in some cases they initiated experiments and/or lead experiments or their parts. The program is carried both in JINR and member states as well as in the largest accelerator centers. In projects outside Dubna JINR physicists play an important role, in some cases they initiated experiments and/or lead experiments or their parts. Long term future of particle physics program is focused to polarized beam at NUCLOTRON, High Luminosity LHC, FAIR project and ILC. Long term future of particle physics program is focused to polarized beam at NUCLOTRON, High Luminosity LHC, FAIR project and ILC.