1. PCD Objective 4.02 Infant’s Emotional and Social Development
The Developing Child-Chapter 8
3 days

2. “The Rescuing Hug” Directions:
Close your eyes while teacher reads a story.
After you hear the story draw what you visualized during the reading.
Under your picture you need to write a 2 sentence summary about what you drew.
This activity encourages thinking and processing information; it is not for assessing drawing skills.
Paper and colored pencils will be provided
Answer the following questions on the same paper as you sketch and be ready to share and discuss with the class.
What examples of emotional development did you hear in the article?
What examples of social development did you hear in the article?
What examples show influences of emotional and social development?

3. Emotional Development
Social Development
Emotional Development
The process of learning which continues all the way through a lifetime to recognize and express feelings and establish a unique personal identity
The process of learning which continues all the way through a lifetime to show self-expression and how to interact with others

4. Emotional & Social Developments
are closely interrelated aspects of an infant’s development; yet, each is a separate type of development with clearly observable patterns and characteristics.

5. Both Emotional & Social Development follow PREDICTABLE PATTERNS Developmental milestones can be anticipated

6. AFFECTION and HARMONY are key elements needed for both healthy emotional and social development.

7. Both occur according to individual TIMING and vary from one individual to another

8. Building trust and forming attachments are essential for both emotional and social development.
With TRUST AND HEALTHY ATTACHMENTS, people learn to handle their emotions and form healthy relationships.

9. As infants develop emotionally and socially, EACH develops his/her own INDIVIDUAL PERSONALITY.

10. Personalities are the result of healthy emotional and social development

11. Both influence a person’s RELATIONSHIPS AND BEHAVIORS.

12. Both emotional and social development occur over the span of a lifetime---from NEWBORNS TO OLD AGE.

13. These feelings about self (emotional) are reflected
Self-concepts
These feelings about self
(emotional) are reflected
in behavior toward others
(social).

14. Differences: Emotional & Social Development
Definition:
A process of learning to recognize and express feelings and establish a unique personal identity
Definition:
A process of learning to show self-expression and how to interact with others

15. Difference between Emotional & Social
Result:
Healthy emotional development helps a child become a self-confident adult, able to handle stress, and empathetic to feelings and concerns of others.
Result:
Healthy social development helps a child become a tolerant adult who interacts peacefully with others and listens to different points of view before acting.

16. Difference between Emotional & Social
Influences:
Emotional development is influenced by:
A child’s individuality and temperament
Type of care received
Atmosphere at home
Influences:
Social development is influenced by:
Actions of parents and caregivers
Type of care received
Atmosphere at home

17. Difference between Emotional & Social
Trust and mistrust:
Eric Erickson’s first stage is where infants learn whether to trust or mistrust others around them.
This trust is the basis of good relationships with others.
Two ways to build trust in infants are:
(1) to provide a consistent environment
(2) to provide their basic needs consistently.
Trust and mistrust:
Infants who are frequently held and cuddled develop feelings of safety, love, and trust and feel that the world is a safe place.
Infants who are not as well-loved feel confused and not trusting.
This often leads to behavior and relationship problems later in life.

18. Difference between Emotional & Social
Interference:
Bitterness and mistrust in an infant’s environment interferes with healthy emotional development.
Interference:
Lack of love and attention may cause failure to grow and develop optimally.

19. Difference between Emotional & Social
Imitation:
Infants catch the tone of adults’ moods and respond with similar moods.
Imitation:
Infants learn to imitate and adjust to the actions of people around them.

20. Early signs of emotional development:
Early signs of social development:
Responding to a voice
Enjoying being picked up
Responding to cuddling, comforting
Smiling when a face/person appears
Crying when a face/person leaves
Crying
Muscle tension
Smiling
Cooing
Wiggling the body

21. Infant’s Emotional & Social Development
At birth:
Emotional development begins at birth and continues throughout life.
Newborns are able to feel two basic emotions
Contentment
Distress
At birth:
Newborns are passive, not social, but within weeks they begin to interact with others around them.
Social interaction continues throughout life.

22. Infant’s Emotional & Social Development
First weeks:
Infants’ emotions become more varied.
They learn to associate emotions with causes
Hunger
Pain
lack of attention
etc.
First weeks:
Newborns improve their social interactions as they listen to voices, begin to see faces, try to make eye contact, and smile at faces and voices.

23. Infant’s Emotional & Social Development
Three months:
Show pleasure/delight with smiles and laughter
show uncertainty with puzzled looks and questioning sounds
Three months:
Make cooing sounds to catch attention, fuss until parents come, arch their backs and reach out to be held

24. Infant’s Emotional & Social Development
Three to six months:
Show excitement when caregivers appear and distress when they leave.
Only when babies feel loved and secure can they extend their interests beyond themselves.
Three to six months:
Begin to recognize and trust their caregivers; around six months, form an attachment, or strong bond, with parents/caregivers.
This is their first real social relationship. Many infants also form attachments with special objects.

25. Infant’s Emotional & Social Development
Six to ten months:
Begin to show fear as they learn to recognize situations they perceive as threatening.
At ten months, show more specific emotions
Anger
Sadness
Happiness
etc.
Six to ten months:
Many demonstrate fear of unfamiliar people, or stranger anxiety, and cry to express their fears.
They often seek approval from parents by “showing off” what they’ve learned to do.

26. Infant’s Emotional & Social Development
Eleven to twelve months:
Infants’ fear of being apart from parents is at its peak.
Many experience separation anxiety when parents leave.
Eleven to twelve months:
Infants who cry when parents leave them are not trying to be unreasonable.
They are still unable to see anyone else’s point of view.

27. Infant’s Emotional & Social Development
Search for independence:
As children learn new physical skills, such as walking, they are developing independence.
Search for independence:
The loving care of parents helps children find their own sense of identity and independence.

28. Ways to promote healthy attachments
Emotional
Social
Hug, kiss, cuddle, rock, and smile
Use a comforting voice
Keep up with attachment objects
Set good examples of ways to express emotions
Allow child to quiet self by sucking
Encourage baby to use gestures
Provide positive examples
“hello”
“thank you”
“bye-bye”
Talk to infants in a pleasant voice
Smile, show positive facial expressions
Provide opportunities for other family members to interact with infant

29. Infant’s Emotional & Social Development
Role of play:
Play helps children learn to express emotions.
Role of play:
Play helps children learn to interact with adults and other children.

30. 1. Stages of both emotional and social development:
are completely different for each child.
are somewhat predictable in the timing in which they occur.
follow steps that are unable to be predicted.
involve milestones that are totally unpredictable.
Answer=B

31. 2. Both emotional and social development are related to Erickson’s first stage, trust and mistrust, because learning to trust:
is the foundation of healthy emotional and social development later in life.
is the last task that newborns achieve in social and emotional development.
leads to healthy emotional development, but has little effect on social development.
leads to healthy social development, but has little effect on emotional development
Answer=A

32. Appendix 4.02G Student Handout Fix It
Directions:
Read the first scenario.
Afterwards, write a “scene” in which Aunt Mary confronts her nephew about his son Jason and his lack of opportunities to develop emotionally.
Read the second scenario.
Write a “scene” about how the experiences support healthy social development in children.

33. write a “scene” in which Aunt Mary confronts her nephew about his son Jason and his lack of opportunities to develop emotionally.
Scenario One
Tom’s Aunt Mary volunteered to look after her nephews’ young son Jason one Saturday.
Tom showed his aunt where all the bottles, diapers, and toys were located.
Then he told Aunt Mary that she wouldn’t have any trouble because Jason watches television all day and hardly moves from his spot on the floor.
Write a scene in which Aunt Mary talks with her nephew about his son’s lack of opportunities to develop emotionally.

34. Scenario Two Mary is a caregiver at a local child care center.
Write a “scene” about how the experiences support healthy social development in children
Scenario Two
Mary is a caregiver at a local child care center.
Sam and Sandra send their children to the center often to interact with other children through exercise and play.
Laura and Susan play together with other children on the playground and work together at the tables on the inside.
Write a scene to express how the experience at the child care center can help the children develop socially.

35. “Erickson’s Trust vs. Mistrust”
Directions:
Read in the textbook, The Developing Child, Chapter 8 page 256-____ about Eric Erikson’s Theory of Personality Development--TRUST Vs. MISTRUST.
Use the graphic organizer (Appendix 4.02E) to record your findings.

36. “Show & Tell—The EARLY SIGNS”
Directions:
Each student will have a different “early sign” of E + S Development.
Find a picture in a magazine that shows/demonstrates your “early sign.”
Be ready to glue your picture to the poster labeled, “Early Signs” of Emotional and Social Development of Infants.

37. Emotional and Social Timeline
Directions:
A timeline will be place on the wall
Labeled Month 1-12
Materials:
The Developing Child, Textbook
A milestone of emotional or social dev. in infants
Scissors, crayons, colored pens
Paper doll
Look for your milestone in Ch. 8.
Write the following on your paper doll
Milestone info.
Age/month in which the milestone occurs
Color and/or decorate
After you have completed your doll, you will need to place your doll on the timeline in the appropriate time frame.
The whole class will view the timeline and discuss our findings.

38. “T chart--- Emotional and Social Development”
Use the handout found in Appendix 4.02F to list the milestones of emotional development that occur in the first year in the left column.
In the right column, list milestones of social development that occur in the first year.
Write how they are different in a summary paragraph at the bottom of the T-chart.

39. What Do Emotional/Social Development Have in Common?
Both follow predictable _patterns_
_Affection_ and harmony are key elements needed for healthy emotional and social development.
Both occur according to individual _Timing_ .
Building trust and healthy _attachment__ is essential for both emotional and social development.
Infants develop individual _personalities_ as they develop emotionally and socially.
Both relationships and _behaviors_ are influenced by emotional and social development.
Both emotional and social development occur over the span of a _lifetime_.

40. Multiple Choice Questions
Complete the multiple choice questions on the back of your Key Terms paper.

41. Key terms

42. emotional development
The process of learning to recognize and express feelings and establish a unique personal identity

43. social development
The process of learning to show self-expression and interact with others

44. predictable patterns
Happening or turning out in the way that might have been expected

45. Affection
Tender feelings toward someone or something

46. Harmony
A situation in which there is friendly agreement or accord

47. Timing
The ability to choose or the choice of the best moment to do or say something

48. Trust
Reliance on good qualities, especially fairness, honor, and ability

49. healthy attachments
A good bond between a child and a parent or other primary caregivers

50. individual personality
A specific person, distinct from others in a group

51. Relationships
A significant connection or similarity between two or more things, or the state of being related to something else

52. Behaviors
The way a person acts

53. self-concepts
The way a person looks at himself/herself

54. Mistrust
Lack of confidence in a person or thing

55. Interference
A hindrance that prevents a desired outcome

56. Imitation
The act of mimicking somebody, or an impression of somebody

57. Independence
Freedom from being controlled by another person

58. Emotions
A strong feeling about someone or something

59. Personality
The totality of someone’s attitudes, interests, behavioral patterns, emotional responses, social roles, and other traits that endure over long periods of time