1. Chemistry of Metals
Miss Jan

2. Chemical reactions of metals SLOs
investigate the reactions of metals with oxygen, water, and acids
write word equations and symbol equations for the common reactions of metals
write chemical formulas for metal compounds
understand how the atomic structure of metals can explain their chemical reactivity
relate the uses of metals to their physical properties and reactivity

3. Worksheet [A] Metals and air (Oxygen gas)
Clean metal if rusted or dirty by rubbing them with sandpaper
Hold in flame using tongs
Record colour of flame and the colour of the product
Record reactivity: react violently, reacts rapidly, reacts, reacts very slowly, do not react

4. DO NOW
Name 2 alloys
State the uses for these alloys
Why would we use alloys rather than pure metals?
Brass (Cu+Zn), Steel (Fe+C), Amalgam (Hg+ another metal), Bronze (Cu+Sn)
Brass – instruments, Steel – pipes, construction, Amalgam – dental fillings, Bronze – statues.
Because they have different properties than the pure metals that makes them suitable for their uses. E.g. Steel and Bronze = stronger and resist rusting. Brass = malleable etc.

5. Many metals react with oxygen
Magnesium burns brightly when heated in air. The equations are:
magnesium + oxygen  magnesium oxide
Mg + O2  MgO
Copper reacts only very slowly when heated in air. It forms black copper oxide. The equations are:
copper + oxygen  copper oxide
Cu + O2  CuO
Word equation 2 2
Symbol equation 2 2

6. Write the word and symbol equation for Al and Fe
Aluminium + oxygen  Aluminum oxide
Al + O2  Al2O3
Iron + oxygen  iron oxide
Fe + O2  FeO 4 3 2 2 2

7. Colored flame

8. Be careful: some reactions may create HEAT!!!
Worksheet
Be careful: some reactions may create HEAT!!!
[B] Metals and water
Place small sample of metal in water
Observe and record reactivity
Collect gas and test with flame
Record result of gas test and colour of product
Record reactivity: react violently, reacts rapidly, reacts, reacts very slowly, do not react

9. Some metals react with water
Lithium reacts rapidly with cold water to form lithium hydroxide and hydrogen gas (fizzing). The equations are:
lithium + water  lithium hydroxide + hydrogen
2Li + 2H2O  2LiOH + H2

10. Write the word and symbol equations for the reaction of Ca with water
Calcium + water  Calcium hydroxide
+ hydrogen
Ca + H2O  Ca(OH)2 + H2

11. Sodium – stored in mineral oil
Calcium in water

12. Be careful: some reactions may create HEAT!!!
Worksheet
[C] Metals and acid
1 cm of sulfuric acid in test tube and add a small sample of metal
Observe reaction and record results in table
Collect gas and test with flame
Record reactivity: react violently, reacts rapidly, reacts, reacts very slowly, do not react
Be careful: some reactions may create HEAT!!!

13. Many metals react with acids
For example, zinc reacts with dilute sulfuric acid to form zinc sulfate and hydrogen gas (fizzing). The equations are:
zinc + sulfuric acid  zinc sulfate + hydrogen
Zn + H2SO4  ZnSO4 + H2

14. Summary metal + oxygen  metal oxide metal + water  metal hydroxide
+ hydrogen
metal + acid  salt + hydrogen
Pop test – if hydrogen is present, a squeaky pop would be heard if a flame is introduced
Usually metals that react quickly with oxygen also react quickly with water and acids.

15. Activity and uses of metals
Active metals like Na, Li, Ca, Mg
aren’t used to make things.
Common metals like Al, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu
are used to make lots of different objects.
Precious metals like Ag, Au
are only used in valuable objects.